Littlefield Fountain

Littlefield Fountain, a majestic World War I memorial, stands proudly at the entrance of the University of Texas at Austin's South Mall. This iconic monument, completed in 1933, is not only a tribute to the university's fallen heroes but also a testament to the vision and philanthropy of George W. Littlefield, a former regent of the university and a significant benefactor. Designed by the talented Italian-born sculptor Pompeo Coppini, the fountain is a striking blend of artistry and historical significance, making it a must-visit landmark for anyone exploring Austin.

The Vision Behind Littlefield Fountain

The story of Littlefield Fountain begins in 1916 when Major George W. Littlefield proposed the construction of a memorial arch to honor the Confederate dead from the Civil War. Littlefield's initial vision was to create a grand arch at the southern entrance of the university, featuring images of notable figures from Texas and the American South. He planned to fund this ambitious project with a generous donation of $200,000, which was a substantial amount at the time.

However, as the project progressed, Littlefield and Coppini realized that the budget would need to be increased to achieve their vision. Littlefield agreed to raise his donation to $250,000, but Coppini, recognizing the potential for controversy surrounding a Confederate memorial, persuaded Littlefield to dedicate the monument to the students and alumni who had died in World War I instead. This shift in focus not only broadened the monument's significance but also aimed to heal the lingering wounds from the Civil War.

Design and Construction

Pompeo Coppini's final design for Littlefield Fountain is a masterpiece of symbolism and artistry. The fountain features a three-tiered semicircular granite pool, with a large bronze sculpture rising above the water. The central sculpture depicts the prow of a ship emerging from a limestone wall, with an eagle perched on its tip. This ship bears the winged figure of Columbia, holding two raised torches, flanked by a soldier and a sailor, symbolizing American armed forces sailing overseas to defend democracy in the Great War.

In front of the ship are three hippocamps, partially submerged in the pool, with two of them mounted by mermen. These mythical creatures represent the strength and unity of the American forces. The limestone wall behind the fountain bears two bronze plaques, one inscribed with the names of UT students and alumni who died in World War I, and the other with a Latin inscription that translates to A short life hath been given by Nature unto man; but the remembrance of a life laid down in a good cause endureth forever.

Controversies and Changes

Littlefield Fountain's function as a memorial to the Confederacy drew criticism even when it was first proposed. After its installation, the statues of Confederate notables along the university's South Mall, designed by Coppini for the fountain, attracted controversy. In 2004, university President Larry Faulkner recommended moving the statues closer to the fountain and adding a plaque to explain the symbolism intended by the artist. However, this plan was not implemented during his tenure.

In 2015, a national controversy over Confederate monuments led to the removal of Coppini's statue of Jefferson Davis from the South Mall. The university later removed the statues of Woodrow Wilson and other Confederate figures, placing them in storage. These changes reflect the evolving perspectives on historical monuments and the ongoing efforts to address their complex legacies.

Visiting Littlefield Fountain

Today, Littlefield Fountain stands as a poignant reminder of the sacrifices made by the university's students and alumni during World War I. Its central location on the South Mall makes it a focal point for visitors to the University of Texas at Austin. The fountain's intricate design and powerful symbolism invite contemplation and reflection on the themes of bravery, unity, and the pursuit of democracy.

As you approach the fountain, take a moment to admire the detailed bronze sculptures and the serene beauty of the granite pool. The sight of the eagle-topped ship and the majestic figure of Columbia is both awe-inspiring and humbling. The surrounding greenery and the backdrop of the university's Main Building create a picturesque setting, perfect for a leisurely stroll or a quiet moment of reflection.

The Legacy of Littlefield Fountain

Littlefield Fountain is more than just a memorial; it is a symbol of the enduring spirit of the University of Texas at Austin and its commitment to honoring its history while embracing progress. The monument's journey from a proposed Confederate memorial to a tribute to World War I heroes reflects the university's evolving values and its dedication to inclusivity and remembrance.

Whether you are a history enthusiast, an art lover, or simply a curious visitor, Littlefield Fountain offers a rich and multifaceted experience. It stands as a testament to the power of art to convey profound messages and to the importance of remembering those who have made the ultimate sacrifice for their country. As you explore the University of Texas at Austin, make sure to include a visit to Littlefield Fountain in your itinerary—it's a place where history, art, and reflection come together in a truly unique way.