Saint archangel Michael cathedral

Saint Archangel Michael Cathedral, known locally as Cattedrale di San Michele Arcangelo, stands as a beacon of faith and history in the heart of Caserta, Italy. This magnificent cathedral, with its neoclassical architecture and rich historical tapestry, invites visitors to step back in time and immerse themselves in the spiritual and cultural heritage of the region.

The Historical Journey of Saint Archangel Michael Cathedral

The story of Saint Archangel Michael Cathedral begins in the 18th century, following a devastating fire in 1783 that destroyed the original parish church dedicated to Saint Sebastian. The religious functions were temporarily moved to the small 15th-century Church of Madonna Annunziata. However, this church proved inadequate for the needs of the growing city. Responding to the pleas of the population, King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies initiated the construction of a new, grander cathedral.

In 1815, Giovanni Patturelli, the court architect, was commissioned to design the new cathedral. Despite several revisions, Patturelli's designs did not satisfy the city's decurionato (municipal council). King Ferdinand I then appointed a commission of experts and decided that the new cathedral would be built on the site of the old Church of Madonna Annunziata, which was to be demolished. The project was handed over to architect Pietro Bianchi, who collaborated with Patturelli.

The construction began on May 30, 1822, and by April 1832, the church was partially completed and opened for worship. However, the initial reception was less than favorable, leading to both Patturelli and Bianchi being relieved of their duties. The task of finishing the cathedral then fell to Carlo Diversi, followed by Pietro Valente, who significantly enhanced the neoclassical character of the cathedral.

Valente's modifications included the addition of a barrel-vaulted nave, inspired by the ancient Roman baths, and the creation of an impressive semicircular apse. The cathedral was finally inaugurated on February 1842, in the presence of King Ferdinand II and Queen Maria Teresa, under the new dedication to Saint Archangel Michael.

Architectural Marvels and Artistic Treasures

The façade of Saint Archangel Michael Cathedral is a striking example of neoclassical design, featuring a wide stone staircase and two orders of architecture. The upper part of the façade houses statues of Saint Michael the Archangel and Saint Sebastian. The three entrance portals lead into a spacious interior divided into three naves by imposing columns.

The central nave boasts a coffered ceiling adorned with stucco decorations, while the transept features the masterpiece Triumph of Saint Michael the Archangel over the Devil by Luigi Taglialatela. The frieze running along the colonnade of the central nave is decorated with frescoes depicting angels, the Baptism of Jesus, the Resurrection, and the Holy Family.

The side naves contain a series of altars dedicated to various saints, including Saint Francis, the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Saint Joseph, and Saint Anne, the co-patroness of Caserta. The apse area is richly frescoed with scenes from the lives of the apostles and other biblical episodes.

The Crypts and Modern Additions

Beneath the apse lies the crypt, a blend of ancient and modern elements recently restored and designed by architects Francesco Venezia and Paolo Di Caterina. This subterranean space houses archaeological relics from the ancient Terra di Lavoro, contemporary artworks by Battista Marello, and the tombs of the bishops of the diocese. One of the most significant items in the crypt is a terracotta tile inscribed with the sign of the Cross by Pope John Paul II during his apostolic visit to the cathedral.

The crypt's pathway concludes in a small, serene garden, providing a peaceful retreat for prayer and reflection.

A Living Testament to Faith and Resilience

Throughout its history, Saint Archangel Michael Cathedral has faced numerous challenges, including significant damage during World War II. The church was bombed in August 1943, resulting in extensive damage to its structure and paintings. Restoration efforts, led by Luigi Taglialatela, brought the cathedral back to its former glory.

In 1962, a marble pulpit in a pseudo-ancient style was added, and in 1999, the main bronze door was crafted by sculptor Battista Marello. The most recent renovations in 2014 included the restoration of the crypt and the redesign of the presbytery and bishop's chair, blending marble and bronze elements.

Today, Saint Archangel Michael Cathedral stands not only as a place of worship but also as a testament to the resilience and enduring faith of the people of Caserta. Its rich history, architectural splendor, and artistic treasures make it a must-visit destination for anyone exploring this charming Italian city.