Ancienne Douane

Nestled in the heart of Colmar, the Ancienne Douane, known locally as Koïfhus, stands as a testament to the town's rich history and architectural splendor. This remarkable building, located at 29 Grand-Rue, is the oldest public edifice in Colmar, and it has witnessed centuries of change and development, serving as a vital hub for the town's administrative and economic activities.

The Historical Significance of Ancienne Douane

Constructed initially in 1480, the Ancienne Douane has gone through several transformations over the centuries. It was originally the administrative and economic center of Colmar, a town that once minted its own currency. The ground floor served as a warehouse and a customs area for the taxation of goods both imported and exported. This bustling activity made it the nerve center of trade and commerce in the region.

The upper floor housed the meeting room for the deputies of the Décapole, a federation of ten imperial cities in Alsace from 1354 to 1679. This room, steeped in history, hosted numerous important meetings and decisions that shaped the region. The building also served as the town hall from 1698 to 1866, and again from 1480 to 1538, then from 1725 to 1810, according to varying historical accounts.

Architectural Marvels of the Ancienne Douane

The Ancienne Douane is an architectural gem, combining elements from different periods. The southernmost building, a vast rectangular structure, was the customs house proper. Its two main portals, located to the north and south, are crowned with the imperial double-headed eagle, and the doors are adorned with an arch flanked by the town's coat of arms.

At the center of the complex, a building known as zum Grisen was acquired by the city in 1482. This part of the building served as a slaughterhouse until 1840. It features a monumental staircase and a column from 1543, celebrating Charles V's victory over the Duke of Cleves. The northern building, known as Ankenhaus, dates back to the 16th century and was intended for the trade of tallow and candles. Its eastern façade was restored in 1896.

Exploring the Interior and Surroundings

Inside, visitors can explore the meeting room that once served as a courtroom, council chamber for the Décapole, and municipal council. The room is surrounded by mullioned windows, forming a stunning glass wall that also displays the coats of arms of the Décapole cities. A stone balustrade encircles the roof, topped with a small openwork bell tower.

Adjacent to this historical marvel is a wooden loggia supported by Tuscan stone columns, adding to the building's unique charm. The Ancienne Douane's intricate architecture and historical significance make it a must-visit for anyone exploring Colmar.

Cultural and Historical Impact

The Ancienne Douane is more than just a building; it is a symbol of Colmar's rich history and cultural heritage. Its walls have witnessed countless historical events and have been home to significant administrative and economic activities that have shaped the region. The building's interior and annexes have been listed as historical monuments since October 16, 1930, while its façades and roofs have been classified since November 29, 1974.

Visiting the Ancienne Douane

Today, the Ancienne Douane continues to captivate visitors with its historical allure and architectural beauty. As you wander through its halls, you can almost hear the echoes of the past, the bustling trade, and the important decisions made within its walls. It's a place where history comes alive, offering a glimpse into the life and times of Colmar's vibrant past.

Whether you're a history enthusiast, an architecture lover, or simply a curious traveler, a visit to the Ancienne Douane is an unforgettable experience. As you explore this iconic building, you'll gain a deeper appreciation for Colmar's rich heritage and the enduring legacy of the Ancienne Douane.