Yacimientos arqueológicos de Colmenar Viejo

Step back in time and immerse yourself in the rich tapestry of history at the Yacimientos Arqueológicos de Colmenar Viejo. Nestled in the picturesque landscape of Colmenar Viejo, Spain, these archaeological sites offer a fascinating glimpse into the lives of ancient civilizations that once thrived in this region. From the remnants of medieval necropolises to the traces of early Islamic settlements, the Yacimientos Arqueológicos de Colmenar Viejo are a treasure trove of historical wonders waiting to be explored.

Discovering the Medieval Past

The Yacimientos Arqueológicos de Colmenar Viejo are renowned for their medieval findings, particularly from the Hispano-Visigothic period spanning the 6th and 7th centuries. Among the most notable sites are Fuente del Moro, Remedios, Navalvillar, and Navalahija, each offering unique insights into the past.

Fuente del Moro and Remedios are home to two well-preserved Visigothic necropolises. These burial sites reveal much about the customs and beliefs of the time, with tombs and grave goods that paint a vivid picture of medieval life and death. The tombs at these sites are characterized by their simple yet poignant designs, often carved directly into the rock or constructed with stone slabs.

Fuente del Moro: A Glimpse into the Past

At Fuente del Moro, you'll find an array of tombs carved into the granite rock, ranging in shape from trapezoidal and anthropomorphic to bathtub-like and rectangular. These tombs are oriented northeast-southwest, a practice that aligns with the rising sun, reflecting the spiritual beliefs of the era. The grave goods found here include ceramic jars and, in rare cases, glass vessels, providing clues to the daily lives and trade practices of the inhabitants.

One particularly intriguing artifact is a bronze belt buckle adorned with vegetal motifs, which has helped archaeologists date the site to between the late 7th and early 8th centuries. A nearby stretch of paved road, possibly Roman in origin, adds another layer of historical intrigue to this fascinating site.

Remedios: Layers of History

The necropolis of Remedios, located near the Ermita de Nuestra Señora de los Remedios, offers a unique glimpse into the burial practices of the time. Here, it was common to reuse the same tomb for multiple burials, sometimes accommodating two or even three individuals. The grave goods found at Remedios are similar to those at Fuente del Moro, with a notable example being a decorated jar featuring two bands of six incised lines.

Navalvillar: An Ancient Settlement

The Dehesa de Navalvillar is home to another significant archaeological site, where the remains of a settlement reveal much about the daily lives of its inhabitants. This site features a series of dwellings and service buildings, with a street dividing the residential area from the service area. Among the most remarkable finds here is a dirham from the Umayyad Caliphate, dating to 710, which has led some experts to believe that Navalvillar may be the oldest Islamic house in the Iberian Peninsula.

However, this interpretation is not without controversy, as other scholars argue that the site belongs to the Visigothic period. Regardless of its precise origins, the Navalvillar site offers a fascinating glimpse into the complex interplay of cultures and civilizations that have shaped this region over the centuries.

Navalahija: A Work in Progress

Also located in the Dehesa de Navalvillar, in the area known as Valdepuerco, is the site of Navalahija. This Hispano-Visigothic settlement, dated to the 7th century, is still undergoing excavation and study. Among the finds here is a forge discovered in 2008, which provides valuable insights into the technological advancements of the time. The abundance of curved roof tiles at the site further illustrates the architectural practices of the period.

Unraveling the Mysteries of La Mina II

In addition to these well-documented sites, the Dehesa de Navalvillar also contains evidence of ancient metal mining at a site known as La Mina II. Although still under study, this site offers tantalizing clues about the region's mining activities, with a master shaft and an entrance to a flooded gallery being the most visible features. The primary metals believed to have been extracted here include copper, silver, and iron, with some theories suggesting that mining activities may date back to the Visigothic period or even earlier.

The Yacimientos Arqueológicos de Colmenar Viejo are more than just remnants of the past; they are a testament to the enduring legacy of the people who once called this region home. As you explore these ancient sites, you'll uncover stories of resilience, innovation, and cultural exchange that have shaped the history of Colmenar Viejo and beyond. Whether you're a history enthusiast or simply curious about the past, a visit to these archaeological treasures is sure to be a journey of discovery and wonder.