The Altstädter Pfarrkirche, known locally as the Evangelisch-lutherische Altstädter Pfarrkirche, stands as a majestic testament to Baroque architecture in the heart of Erlangen, Bavaria. As one of the three major churches in the city, it shares the skyline with the Neustädter Kirche and the Hugenottenkirche, each contributing to the historical tapestry of this charming German town.
The site of the Altstädter Pfarrkirche has witnessed centuries of transformation. Originally, a modest Marienkapelle stood here in 1288, linked to the Bistum Bamberg. Fast forward to 1528, and the Reformation brought significant change, with the first Lutheran pastor taking the helm. However, the ravages of the Thirty Years' War saw the original church burned to the ground in 1632.
Resilience marked the community's response, and by 1655 a Baroque church dedicated to the Holy Trinity rose from the ashes, only to be destroyed again in the great Altstadt fire of 1706. The current structure, a masterpiece of Baroque design, was constructed between 1709 and 1721 under the guidance of Bamberg architect Wenzel Perner, with contributions from local craftsman Johann Georg Kannhäuser. The church's tower, reaching a height of 55.5 meters, was completed in 1726, punctuating the skyline with its elegant silhouette.
The Altstädter Pfarrkirche is a stunning example of Baroque architecture, constructed from robust sandstone blocks. The church’s facade is a visual delight, featuring high round-arched windows and Tuscan pilasters. The west facade, facing Martin-Luther-Platz, serves as a grand entrance, with its three-axis design centered around the imposing tower.
Inside, visitors are greeted by a well-proportioned space adorned with pilasters and a vaulted ceiling embellished with geometric stucco work by Kannhäuser. Originally intended for frescoes, the stucco frames remain unpainted, adding a unique character to the interior. A wooden gallery runs along three sides of the nave, offering a vantage point to admire the church’s intricate details.
The heart of the church is the striking pulpit altar, crafted by Johann David Räntz and Johann Philipp Göbel in 1720/21, which commands attention with its ornate design. The baptismal font, attributed to Elias Räntz, dates back to 1721 and is a fine example of Baroque artistry.
Adding to the church's historical depth are five small Gothic wooden figures from around 1500 and three 16th-century bronze epitaphs. These artifacts offer glimpses into the church’s storied past, connecting modern visitors with centuries of history.
Music enthusiasts will appreciate the grand concert organ located on the west gallery. Built in 1961 by E. F. Walcker & Cie. and restored by Thomas Jann in 1996/97, the organ boasts 46 registers across three manuals and a pedal. The baroque prospect, crafted by Johann Christoph Wiegleb around 1720 and expanded in 1760, adds visual grandeur to the musical experience.
The church's bell tower houses a harmonious four-bell chime, cast in 1957 by the Rincker bell foundry. The bells, with their deep and resonant tones, add to the church's vibrant atmosphere, marking time and calling the faithful to worship.
The Altstädter Pfarrkirche is not just a place of worship but also a focal point for community celebrations. The church’s dedication festival, known as Trinitatis, is celebrated on the Sunday after Pentecost. Since 1755, it has been part of the Bergkirchweih, a lively festival held at the Altstädter Schießhaus near the Erlanger Burgberg. This event, now spanning twelve days, is one of Bavaria’s largest folk festivals, drawing over a million visitors each year.
In conclusion, the Altstädter Pfarrkirche is more than a magnificent Baroque structure; it is a living testament to the resilience and faith of the Erlangen community. Its walls echo with history, art, and music, inviting visitors to explore and experience the rich cultural heritage of this beautiful city.
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