Église Saint-Taurin d'Évreux

Église Saint-Taurin d'Évreux, nestled in the charming town of Évreux in Normandy, France, is a splendid testament to the region's rich historical and architectural heritage. This remarkable church, dedicated to Saint Taurin, the first bishop of Évreux, offers visitors a unique blend of Gothic, Romanesque, and Renaissance styles, making it a captivating destination for history enthusiasts and architecture aficionados alike.

The History of Église Saint-Taurin d'Évreux

The origins of Église Saint-Taurin d'Évreux are steeped in legend and history. According to local lore, the tomb of Saint Taurin was discovered by Landulf in the 6th century, who subsequently built a modest wooden oratory on the site. However, this early structure was destroyed during the Norman invasions at the end of the 9th century.

Following the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte in 911 and the reorganization of the new province of Normandy, the abbey of Saint-Taurin was founded by Richard I of Normandy, known as Richard the Fearless, around 950. The abbey underwent numerous transformations and restorations over the centuries, especially during the tumultuous conflicts between the Dukes of Normandy and the Kings of France.

In 1195, during the capture of Évreux by Philip Augustus, the abbey was set ablaze along with the rest of the town, necessitating extensive reconstruction. By the 13th century, under the leadership of Abbot Gilbert de Saint-Martin, the abbey gained independence and saw the creation of the exquisite reliquary of Saint Taurin and the southern portal of the church.

Despite periods of decline, particularly during the regime of commendation, the abbey experienced a revival in the 17th century when the Benedictine reform brought the congregation of Saint-Maur to restore the abbey in 1642. The present-day classical-style portal was constructed during this period.

The French Revolution marked another challenging chapter for the abbey, as the church was repurposed as a saltpeter factory, and the monks were expelled. It wasn't until 1801 that the church was returned to religious use, becoming a parish church in place of the old Saint-Gilles church.

Architectural Marvels of Église Saint-Taurin d'Évreux

Église Saint-Taurin d'Évreux is a fascinating architectural mosaic, showcasing elements from various periods and styles. The choir, dating back to the 15th century, is a fine example of Gothic architecture, while the nave features a blend of 12th-century Romanesque pillars and arcades on the north aisle, alongside 15th-century Gothic vaults, windows, and a northern triforium.

The exterior of the church is equally impressive, with its classical-style portal from the 17th century and the intricately carved southern portal. The latter features a tympanum depicting Christ surrounded by the Evangelists, each represented with a human body and the symbolic animal head attributed to them.

The Stained Glass Windows

The stained glass windows of Église Saint-Taurin d'Évreux are a sight to behold. The three windows in the apse of the choir, dating back to the 15th century, illustrate scenes from the life of Saint Taurin, including the announcement of his birth, his baptism, and his arrival in the city. Additionally, the two large windows in the choir depict the Dormition of the Virgin and the Ascension, also from the 15th century.

The intermediate windows, created in the 19th century, tell the legend of Saint Leufroy. In the southern transept, a 15th-century window portrays an array of saints, including an unnamed bishop, Saint Catherine, Saint Augustine, Saint Ambrose, and Saint Gregory. The south aisle features windows by Max Ingrand, depicting Noe after the flood, the sacrifice of Isaac, the mystical winepress, and the Mass.

Sculptures and Relics

Inside the church, visitors will find an array of captivating sculptures and relics. The north transept houses a 15th-century statue of Saint Fiacre and a 17th-century Saint Michael. The side chapel contains a 17th-century marble bas-relief and a 16th-century wooden altarpiece dedicated to the Litany of the Virgin. At the entrance to the choir stands a 17th-century statue of the Virgin and Child, while a modern statue of Saint Taurin, created by Évreux sculptor Gérard Vincent, graces the choir.

The Organ

The church's organ, crafted in 1842 by Callinet and Daublaine, is a masterpiece in its own right. It underwent restoration in 1974 by Alfred Kern, ensuring that its melodious tones continue to enchant visitors to this day.

The Reliquary of Saint Taurin

One of the most treasured artifacts in Église Saint-Taurin d'Évreux is the reliquary of Saint Taurin. Commissioned by Abbot Gilbert de Saint-Martin in the 13th century, this exquisite piece is made of wood and silver, covered with a layer of repoussé gold. The intricate decorations on the reliquary depict various episodes from the legend of Saint Taurin, making it a remarkable work of religious art.

In conclusion, Église Saint-Taurin d'Évreux is more than just a historical monument; it is a living testament to the rich tapestry of Évreux's past. Its architectural splendor, fascinating history, and exquisite artworks make it an unmissable destination for anyone visiting this picturesque region of Normandy. Whether you are a history buff, an architecture enthusiast, or simply seeking a moment of quiet reflection, Église Saint-Taurin d'Évreux promises an unforgettable experience.