Frankfurt Cathedral

Frankfurt Cathedral, also known as Kaiserdom St. Bartholomäus, stands as a monumental testament to the rich history and cultural heritage of Frankfurt, Germany. This grand Roman Catholic cathedral, with its towering presence and Gothic architecture, dominates the skyline and invites visitors to delve into its storied past.

The Historical Significance of Frankfurt Cathedral

The Frankfurt Cathedral is not merely an architectural marvel; it is a symbol of national unity and historical significance. The site has been a place of worship since the 7th century, with the current structure being the fourth church built on this location. The early Carolingian chapel of the royal palace of Frankfurt, which stood here, was the site of the Synod of Frankfurt in 794, marking its early importance in the region’s history.

The cathedral we see today began taking shape in the 13th century when it was dedicated to St. Bartholomew the Apostle in 1239. Construction of the Gothic cathedral commenced around 1250 and continued until 1514. The west tower, which began construction in 1415, was completed in 1878 following a fire in 1867 that necessitated extensive restoration. This tower, with its unique architectural solutions, has become an iconic element of Frankfurt’s cityscape.

A Place of Imperial Significance

Frankfurt Cathedral holds a special place in the history of the Holy Roman Empire. From 1356 onwards, it was the site of the election and coronation of the Holy Roman Emperors. The cathedral’s role in these significant political events underscored its importance as a symbol of imperial power and unity. The grandeur of the building reflects the stature it held during these momentous occasions.

Although the cathedral was never a bishop's seat, it was a collegiate church until 1803. It remained a Catholic stronghold even after the Reformation, serving as the only Catholic parish church in Frankfurt until 1917. This resilience in the face of religious upheaval further cements its place in the annals of ecclesiastical history.

Architectural Marvels and Unique Features

Frankfurt Cathedral is a prime example of Gothic architecture, characterized by its three-aisled hall church design with a stretched 5/8 choir and an attached west tower on a square base. The building is constructed entirely from natural stone, with rough-cut stone hidden behind the plaster between the stone masonry and corner ashlars.

The cathedral’s interior is equally impressive, with its soaring ceilings and intricate stonework. The Great Hall, completed in 1511 for James IV, is a must-see. Its impressive hammerbeam roof and displays of weaponry and armor from different periods offer glimpses into the past. The cathedral also houses the skullcap of St. Bartholomew, its most treasured relic, which has been venerated here since 1215.

The Role of the Salvator and Bartholomäus Collegiate Church

The Salvatorstift, later known as the Bartholomäusstift, was the collegiate church associated with the cathedral from 852 until the secularization in 1803. Founded by King Louis the German, the collegiate church was meant to replace the lost Marienstift in Aachen. The canons of the collegiate church led a communal life, sharing living quarters and adhering to rules similar to those of monastic orders.

The collegiate church played a significant role in the religious and social life of Frankfurt, providing education, charity, and pastoral care. The wealth and influence of the collegiate church were augmented by numerous donations and inheritances from pious citizens, ensuring its prominence in the Holy Roman Empire.

Visiting Frankfurt Cathedral

Today, visitors to Frankfurt Cathedral can explore its rich history and architectural splendor. The cathedral’s towering west tower offers breathtaking views of the city, while the interior’s serene atmosphere invites reflection and admiration. The cathedral’s museum houses a collection of religious artifacts, including the precious reliquary of St. Bartholomew.

One of the highlights of a visit to Frankfurt Cathedral is the opportunity to learn about the significant events that took place here, from imperial elections to coronations. The cathedral’s role in shaping the history of Frankfurt and the Holy Roman Empire is palpable as you walk through its hallowed halls.

In conclusion, Frankfurt Cathedral is not just a religious building; it is a symbol of the city’s historical and cultural heritage. Its architectural beauty, combined with its rich history, makes it an unmissable destination for anyone visiting Frankfurt. Whether you are a history enthusiast, an architecture aficionado, or simply a curious traveler, the Frankfurt Cathedral offers a fascinating journey through time and a deeper understanding of the city’s past.