Perched majestically on the promontory of Arriluce in the elite neighborhood of Neguri, Getxo, the Palacio Ampuero stands as a testament to the architectural grandeur and historical significance of early 20th-century Biscayan architecture. This palatial residence, designed by the renowned architect Manuel María Smith in 1928, was commissioned by the prominent businessman and politician José Joaquín Ampuero y del Río. The Palacio Ampuero is not just a building; it is a piece of art that embodies the opulence and elegance of the high bourgeoisie of Biscay during the turn of the century.
The Palacio Ampuero is a stunning example of the neo-montañés style, characterized by its grandiose and medieval appearance. This architectural style, prevalent in the region during that era, is marked by its asymmetrical design, which Manuel María Smith masterfully incorporated into the palace. The building is constructed primarily of ashlar masonry, giving it a robust and timeless look.
The palace's layout is an intriguing blend of various architectural elements. It features an 'L' shaped floor plan, with multiple structures of different heights and multi-gabled roofs supported by intricately carved corbels. The façade is adorned with a variety of window designs, including semicircular, ogee, lobed, and twin windows, alongside rectangular, horizontal, and angular openings. This eclectic mix of forms creates a visually captivating exterior that is both harmonious and dynamic.
The topographical position of the Palacio Ampuero adds to its theatrical allure. Situated prominently towards the edge of the Arriluce promontory, the palace offers breathtaking views of the Bay of Abra, where the Bilbao estuary meets the sea. This scenic backdrop enhances the palace's grandeur, making it a focal point in the landscape of Getxo.
The palace's sea-facing façade is particularly noteworthy. It features a tower on the left side, with a semi-basement level running along an arcaded gallery. Above this, the ground floor boasts a spacious terrace with segmental arch windows, and the first floor includes a stone balcony. These elements not only add to the palace's aesthetic appeal but also provide ample space for enjoying the panoramic views.
The Palacio Ampuero is part of a cluster of early 20th-century residences that originally belonged to the high bourgeoisie. These homes, many of which have been renovated over the years, contribute to the area's rich architectural diversity. Notable among these is the Palacio Lezama Leguizamón, designed by José María Basterra and later remodeled by Manuel María Smith, and the Palacio de Arriluce, which retains its original design by architect José Luis de Oriol.
Nearby, in the Las Arenas neighborhood, the Avenida de Zugazarte is home to other impressive palaces such as the Palacio Eguzkialde, popularly known as the House of the Mayoress, the Palacio San Joseren, the Palacio Kai-Alde, and the Itxas Begi mansion. These buildings showcase a wide range of architectural styles, from neo-Basque to neo-medieval, each with its unique charm and well-maintained gardens that enhance the area's picturesque landscape.
The Palacio Ampuero is not only an architectural gem but also a symbol of the region's historical and cultural heritage. The Ampuero family, who commissioned the palace, were influential figures in the shipping and cement industries and had strong ties to the Banco de Bilbao, which later became the Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria (BBVA). The family's legacy is intertwined with the economic and social development of Biscay, and the palace stands as a monument to their contributions.
In recognition of its historical and architectural value, the residential villas of Getxo, including the Palacio Ampuero, were designated as a Cultural Asset with the category of Monumental Ensemble in 2001. This designation ensures the preservation and protection of these important landmarks for future generations to appreciate and enjoy.
In 1999, the Palacio Ampuero underwent a significant renovation, transforming it into multiple residential units and adding an underground parking facility. Despite these changes, the palace has retained its architectural integrity and continues to be a prominent feature in the landscape of Getxo. It is also included in the catalog of buildings with special protection, further emphasizing its importance as a cultural and historical landmark.
Today, the Palacio Ampuero remains a symbol of the opulence and elegance of early 20th-century Biscayan architecture. Its grand design, stunning location, and rich history make it a must-visit destination for anyone interested in the architectural and cultural heritage of the Basque Country.
In conclusion, the Palacio Ampuero is not just a building; it is a living piece of history that offers a glimpse into the past while continuing to be a vibrant part of the present. Its architectural splendor, combined with its historical significance, makes it a true gem in the heart of Getxo. Whether you are an architecture enthusiast, a history buff, or simply a curious traveler, a visit to the Palacio Ampuero is sure to be an unforgettable experience.
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