Putnam Cottage

The charming Putnam Cottage, also known historically as Knapp Tavern, stands as a testament to the rich Revolutionary War history of Greenwich, Connecticut. This quaint red structure, located at 243 East Putnam Avenue along the historic Boston Post Road, invites visitors to step back in time and explore the stories that shaped early America. With its deep-rooted connections to the American Revolution and its well-preserved colonial architecture, Putnam Cottage offers a unique glimpse into the past.

Early History of Putnam Cottage

The origins of Putnam Cottage trace back to the late 17th century. In February 1680, a Greenwich Town Meeting directed Justus Bush, John Lockwood, and Joseph Ferris to lay out a township near Horseneck Brook, establishing twenty home lots and a common area. Captain Israel Knapp acquired the Horseneck property in 1692, and architectural historians suggest that the east front room of the house may have been constructed even earlier. The main structure of the house was likely built during the early 1700s.

By 1750, Timothy Knapp had expanded the original home to serve as a small tavern, known as Knapp's Tavern. This establishment quickly became a popular gathering place for locals, travelers, and militia members. During the American Revolution, it was frequented by Continental troops and played a significant role in the war effort. Notably, General George Washington and his troops stopped at Knapp's Tavern for lunch in 1776, a visit documented in Washington's expense report now housed at the Smithsonian Institution.

The American Revolution and Knapp's Tavern

Knapp's Tavern is most famously associated with General Israel Putnam and his daring escape from British forces during the Battle of Horse Neck on February 26, 1779. This pivotal event is immortalized in the seal of the Town of Greenwich and has left an indelible mark on the area's history.

The Battle of Horse Neck

On the evening of February 24, 1779, a battalion of British troops, including companies from the 17th, 44th, and 57th Regiments of Foot, Hessian Guards, Loyalist units, and royal artillery, marched from King's Bridge towards Horse Neck, Connecticut. Under the command of Major-General William Tryon, the British forces arrived in the morning of February 26, encountering resistance from local militia and a company of the 5th Connecticut stationed near Knapp's Tavern.

Despite exchanging fire with the British, the Continental forces, led by General Putnam, eventually retreated, leaving behind their three field pieces. The British spiked the artillery and captured a significant amount of ammunition and supplies. They also destroyed local saltworks, military stores, and several vessels in the nearby village of Greenwich before returning to King's Bridge.

Putnam's Ride

General Putnam's legendary ride down Put's Hill to evade capture by British dragoons is one of the most celebrated moments in Greenwich's history. This daring escape is a symbol of the resilience and bravery of the American forces during the Revolutionary War, and the name Putnam is honored throughout Connecticut.

Later History and Preservation

In the 19th century, Putnam Cottage underwent several changes, including raised ceilings, updated windows, and the addition of a front porch. In 1906, the Israel Putnam House Association, Inc. purchased the property, and since 1910, it has been maintained by the Putnam Hill Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR). The DAR undertook significant restoration efforts to return the cottage to its 17th-century appearance in time for the United States Bicentennial in 1976.

Today, Putnam Cottage is preserved as a Revolutionary-era tavern museum, open to the public for tours and educational programs. Visitors can explore the colonial garden, a replica of the outhouse, and the meticulously restored interior of the cottage. The museum offers a glimpse into the daily life of the 18th century and the pivotal events that unfolded within its walls.

Exploring Putnam Cottage

A visit to Putnam Cottage is a journey through time, offering a rich tapestry of American history. As you step through the doorway, you are transported to an era when the fight for independence was at its peak. The interior of the cottage is carefully curated to reflect the period, with authentic furnishings and artifacts that tell the story of its storied past.

The main room, where General Washington and his troops once dined, is a highlight of the tour. The sense of history is palpable as you imagine the conversations and plans that took place within these walls. The knowledgeable guides provide fascinating insights into the lives of the Knapp family, the local militia, and the Continental troops who frequented the tavern.

In addition to the historical exhibits, Putnam Cottage occasionally hosts reenactments of Revolutionary War events, bringing history to life in a vivid and engaging way. These reenactments offer a unique opportunity to witness the bravery and determination of the American forces and gain a deeper understanding of the challenges they faced.

Conclusion

Putnam Cottage is more than just a historic building; it is a living testament to the courage and resilience of the American spirit. Its walls echo with the stories of those who fought for freedom and independence, making it a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts and curious travelers alike. Whether you're exploring the meticulously restored rooms, strolling through the colonial garden, or attending a reenactment, a visit to Putnam Cottage is a journey into the heart of America's Revolutionary past. Don't miss the chance to experience this remarkable piece of history in the charming town of Greenwich, Connecticut.