Nestled just below the bustling campus of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, the Llenroc House stands as a testament to Gothic Revival architecture and the ambitious spirit of its creator, Ezra Cornell. This historic villa, with its striking stone facade and intricate details, invites visitors to step back in time and explore the legacy of one of America's great educational pioneers.
Llenroc, a clever reversal of the name Cornell, was conceived in 1865 by the architectural firm Nichols & Brown. Known for their work on Cascadilla Hall, they were entrusted with bringing Ezra Cornell's vision to life. Construction began in 1869, employing skilled European artisans, and was completed in 1876. Sadly, Cornell passed away in 1874, never witnessing the completion of his dream residence. His family, however, enjoyed the home for over three decades.
The house is a masterpiece of masonry, with three-foot-thick walls constructed from local Llenroc bluestone and limestone. The exterior boasts an array of carved capitals, arches, and turrets that exemplify the Gothic Revival style. Inside, the craftsmanship continues with interiors adorned in Georgia Pine and black walnut, featuring molded plaster ceilings and a grand staircase carved in a Gothic style. The nine fireplaces, imported from Europe, add to the opulence, while hand-made chandeliers grace the living and music rooms.
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Ezra Cornell, known for his plain tastes, allowed himself this one architectural indulgence. His son, Alonzo Cornell, noted that the house was meant to be an ornament to the locality, a reflection of his father’s prosperity and ambition. The phrase True and Firm, suggested by A.D. White, is carved above the front door, symbolizing the steadfastness of Cornell's vision.
In 1911, the Pi Chapter of the Delta Phi fraternity acquired Llenroc from Cornell's descendants. The fraternity has since maintained the house, preserving its historical and architectural integrity. The house's connection to the university and its students continues to be celebrated, with the music of the university chimes providing a melodious backdrop to the fraternity's activities.
Among the notable features of the property is the Smiley Baldwin Memorial Stairway, donated in 1925. This outdoor stairway, dedicated to Morgan Smiley Baldwin, a Cornell alumnus and World War I casualty, connects Cornell Avenue to University Avenue, serving as a poignant reminder of the university's history and the sacrifices made by its members.
Llenroc's significance was officially recognized in 1980 when it was added to the National Register of Historic Places. It has been the subject of various scholarly works and lectures, including a master’s thesis in the Architecture College. Esteemed architect and Cornell alumnus M. Arthur Gensler praised Llenroc as one of America's great buildings, highlighting its enduring architectural and historical importance.
Today, visitors to Llenroc can admire its stunning architecture and imagine the vibrant history that unfolded within its walls. The house remains a cherished landmark, not only for its beauty but for its connection to the founding of Cornell University and the legacy of Ezra Cornell. Whether you're a history enthusiast, an architecture aficionado, or simply curious about the past, Llenroc offers a unique glimpse into the grandeur of 19th-century American architecture.
In conclusion, Llenroc House is more than just a historic building; it is a symbol of ambition, artistry, and the enduring spirit of education and community. Its walls echo the dreams of its creator and the lives of those who have passed through its doors, making it a must-visit destination for anyone exploring the rich tapestry of Ithaca's history.
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