Joliet East Side Historic District

Joliet East Side Historic District, located in Joliet, Illinois, is a captivating area rich in history and architectural splendor. This district, with its 290 buildings, offers a window into the past, reflecting the city's vibrant history and its evolution over the years. As you stroll through its streets, you’ll be transported back in time, experiencing the charm and grandeur of a bygone era.

The Birth of Joliet East Side

Founded in 1831, Joliet was established as an ideal settlement spot, thanks to its abundant natural resources, especially the extensive beds of limestone. This limestone became a cornerstone for the city’s economic development, with significant structures like the Old State Capitol and the Chicago Water Tower being constructed from it. Joliet’s incorporation in 1852 marked the beginning of its prosperity, largely due to its strategic location on the Illinois and Michigan Canal.

The East Side started taking shape in 1834 when James B. Campbell platted the first property, initially naming it Juliet. Two years later, Juliet was chosen as the county seat of the newly formed Will County. In 1845, the area was renamed Joliet in honor of French explorer Louis Jolliet. The East Side quickly gained prominence, with 32 houses being constructed between 1852 and 1873, thanks to its proximity to the railway station.

A Neighborhood of Prestige

By 1873, Joliet’s East Side had established itself as the city’s most prestigious neighborhood. This reputation was anchored by the magnificent Jacob A. Henry Mansion, built by the wealthy railroad tycoon Jacob A. Henry. The area's affluence attracted notable residents, including Cornelius Van Horn, Joliet’s first mayor, who built his residence here in 1852. His son, William, later became a significant figure in the Canadian railroad industry.

As the neighborhood grew, it saw the construction of its first churches, the Central Presbyterian Church and the Richards Street Methodist Church. Commercial activity flourished on Washington Street, with a row of commercial buildings providing essential services to the residents. Despite the Great Depression's impact, which saw many mansions converted into boarding houses or funeral parlors, the East Side retained its historical charm.

Architectural Marvels

The Joliet East Side Historic District is home to numerous architectural gems, each telling its own story. The Jacob A. Henry House, built in 1871, is a stunning example of Second Empire and Italianate architecture. It was the most expensive house in Will County at the time of its construction and is separately listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

The Fisher Home, constructed between 1887 and 1891, showcases the Queen Anne style, while the Dr. Salter Home, built in 1887, features Second Empire architecture with an Eastlake porch. The Julius W. Folk Home, dating back to 1873, combines Greek Revival and Italianate details, reflecting the eclectic tastes of the era.

Other notable residences include the G. Ducker Home, with its Ionic columns and Classical Revival elements, and the Rubens Home, known for its Prairie School influences. The Woodruff Home, later converted into the Brown Lincoln Hotel, was originally the residence of George Woodruff, a prominent banker and founder of the Illinois State Chamber of Commerce.

Churches and Commercial Buildings

The Central Presbyterian Church, constructed in 1895 with limestone donated by Jacob A. Henry, is a beautiful example of Gothic Revival architecture. The Richards Street Methodist Church, built in 1890, combines Gothic and Romanesque Revival styles, adding to the district’s architectural diversity.

Commercial Row, dating from 1875 to 1886, features Late Victorian storefronts with Greek Revival and Italianate details. These buildings originally housed essential services like bakeries and hardware stores, serving as the commercial heart of the East Side.

Preservation and Revival

Despite the challenges faced during the Great Depression and the subsequent decline, efforts were made to preserve the East Side’s historical integrity. In 1975, Joliet financed a program to assist homeowners in rehabilitating their historic homes. These efforts culminated in the district’s addition to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980, ensuring the preservation of its rich architectural and historical heritage.

Today, the Joliet East Side Historic District stands as a testament to the city’s storied past. Its streets, lined with beautifully preserved buildings, offer a glimpse into the lives of the prominent figures who once called this neighborhood home. Whether you’re a history enthusiast or simply looking to explore a charming and historically significant area, the Joliet East Side Historic District promises a fascinating journey through time.

In conclusion, the Joliet East Side Historic District is not just a collection of old buildings; it is a living museum that narrates the tale of Joliet’s growth and transformation. Its architectural diversity and historical significance make it a must-visit destination for anyone interested in the rich tapestry of American history.