Old Botanical Garden, Kiel

Amidst the bustling city of Kiel in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, lies a verdant oasis known as the Old Botanical Garden (Alter Botanischer Garten). This picturesque park, with its rich history and diverse plant life, offers a tranquil retreat for both nature enthusiasts and casual visitors alike. Spanning approximately 2.5 hectares, the Old Botanical Garden is a testament to botanical beauty and historical significance, making it a must-visit destination in Kiel.

The Historical Roots

The origins of the Old Botanical Garden can be traced back to 1669 when the first botanical garden in Kiel, known as hortus medicus, was established in the Schlossgarten. This made it the sixth oldest botanical garden in Germany. Subsequent gardens were developed in Falckstraße in 1727 and Prüne in 1803, though none of these earlier gardens have survived to the present day.

The current Old Botanical Garden was inaugurated in 1884, but its roots stretch further back to 1825 when the site was initially designed as an English landscape garden. Under the guidance of Adolf Engler from 1878 to 1884, the garden was transformed into the first botanical garden in the world to be organized based on plant geography. This pioneering approach set the garden apart, emphasizing the natural distribution of plants across different regions.

A Walk Through the Garden

As you step into the Old Botanical Garden, you'll be greeted by a hilly terrain with over 20 meters of elevation change. The garden's layout features winding paths that meander through a diverse collection of flora, creating a naturalistic and serene atmosphere. With over 280 species of trees and shrubs, as well as a rich herbaceous flora, the garden showcases a wide array of plant life.

Two tranquil ponds, expansive meadows, and vibrant perennial beds add to the garden's charm. In spring, the slopes come alive with a stunning display of bulbous plants, creating a colorful and fragrant spectacle. While the old greenhouses no longer stand, the garden's beauty remains undiminished.

Notable Trees and Plants

The Old Botanical Garden is home to several remarkable trees that are worth seeking out. Among them is one of the largest Ginkgo trees in Schleswig-Holstein, a living relic of ancient plant life. Additionally, the garden boasts one of the oldest Dawn Redwoods on the European mainland, estimated to have been planted around 1948 from seeds obtained from the Arnold Arboretum. Visitors can also marvel at a rare Coastal Redwood, a species not typically found in this climate region.

Art and Architecture

The Old Botanical Garden is not just a haven for plant lovers; it also features artistic and architectural highlights. Scattered throughout the garden are sculptures by artist Susan Walke, adding an artistic touch to the natural surroundings. The garden frequently hosts literary events, making it a cultural hub as well.

One of the garden's architectural gems is the former garden inspector's house, built in 1906 in a charming half-timbered style. Since 1998, this building has housed the Literature House of Schleswig-Holstein, where regular readings and literary events take place.

At the highest point of the garden stands an octagonal pavilion, constructed in 1891 and crowned with a wrought-iron crown. This brick structure offers a panoramic view of the garden and the nearby Kiel Fjord. Inside the pavilion, visitors can explore a permanent exhibition detailing the history of Kiel's botanical gardens. On the north side of the pavilion, a niche holds a replica of the founding plaque from the third botanical garden, with the original plaque residing in the current botanical garden. This niche originally served as a shaded spot for the first public exhibition of marine algae.

Another notable structure is the gardener's shed, also built in the half-timbered style, which blends harmoniously with the garden's overall aesthetic. To the southwest of the pavilion lies the former greenhouse, a brick building dating back to 1884/85. Although the glass extensions have not survived, the core brick structure, complete with gardener and heater's quarters, potting rooms, and a full basement, remains. Known as the Potting House, this building is a unique monument in the history of Schleswig-Holstein's botany, though it is in need of restoration.

Preservation and Public Access

In 1975, a new botanical garden was established on the university campus in Olshausenstraße, and by 1978, the plant collections had been moved to this new location. However, the Old Botanical Garden was not forgotten. To prevent its redevelopment, the Association for the Preservation and Promotion of the Old Botanical Garden Kiel e.V. was founded in 1980. Thanks to their efforts, the garden has been preserved as a public park and remains open year-round. Since 1980, public tours have been offered, allowing visitors to explore and appreciate the garden's natural and historical significance. In 1992, the garden was designated as a natural and cultural monument.

In conclusion, the Old Botanical Garden in Kiel is a captivating blend of botanical diversity, historical significance, and cultural enrichment. Whether you're a plant enthusiast, a history buff, or simply seeking a peaceful retreat, this garden offers something for everyone. Its winding paths, notable trees, artistic sculptures, and historical buildings create a unique and enchanting experience that is sure to leave a lasting impression.