St. Johann (Kronberg)

St. Johann, known locally as Stadtkirche St. Johann, is a captivating historical gem nestled in the charming town of Kronberg im Taunus, Hessen, Germany. This remarkable church, with its roots dating back to 1440, offers visitors a glimpse into the rich tapestry of history, art, and architecture that has shaped this region over the centuries.

The History of St. Johann

The origins of St. Johann can be traced back to a document from July 30, 1355, which mentions the consecration of an altar by Archbishop Gerlach of Mainz. This altar was dedicated to St. John the Evangelist and Mary Magdalene in a new chapel located beneath the castle of Cronenberg. The construction was commissioned by cousins Frank VIII and Ulrich II of Cronberg. The church's chancel is the only surviving structure from a devastating city fire in 1437. Soon after, between 1440 and 1450, Frank XII, known as the Rich, commissioned the construction of the nave and tower. A dispute during the tower's construction led to the involvement of expert stonemasons from Frankfurt to resolve the issues. The first pastor, Michael Swertmann of Herbstein, was appointed in 1443.

Exploring St. Johann

Visitors to St. Johann are immediately struck by the vibrant interior of the nave, measuring 20.40 by 10.75 meters, and the bright chancel, measuring 9.35 by 6.60 meters. The wooden barrel vault ceiling, painted by Johann Friedrich Spangenberg in 1617, features playful cherubs amidst Renaissance ornaments, some holding banners with the Kronberg coat of arms.

Above the entrance to the chancel, a grand mural depicts the Last Judgment, adding a dramatic flair to the church's interior. The church is also home to numerous tombs of the Cronberg and Reifenberg knights and their wives, each telling a unique story of the past. Noteworthy is an epitaph by Hans Backoffen from the early 16th century, showing Walter von Reifenberg kneeling, with a helmet adorned with unusual donkey ears beside him.

The Bells of St. Johann

The church's bells are an integral part of its history. Two of the four current bells date back to 1466, bearing the inscription Maria gotes celle hab in hut was ich überschel. During World War II, the large bells, including one from 1466, were confiscated but were fortunately recovered in 1947. In 1956, the bell ensemble was completed with two new bells, restoring the Wachet-auf motif.

Artistic Treasures and Memorials

St. Johann is a treasure trove of artistic and historical artifacts. The chancel houses a Marian altar from around 1440-1450, featuring the donor couple Frank XII of Cronberg and Katharina of Ysenburg. Although the donor figures were stolen in 1967, the altar remains a significant piece of the church's history.

The church also boasts a sacraments niche from 1355, a 15th-century choir stall featuring the coats of arms of Hermann von Cronberg and his wives, and a crucifix from the early 17th century. Each artifact provides a window into the past, offering insights into the religious and cultural life of the time.

The Organ and Musical Heritage

The musical heritage of St. Johann is equally impressive. The church received an organ from Franz and Philipp Stumm in 1802, which was played by the renowned composer Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy in 1845. The current organ, crafted by Gebr. Hillebrand of Hannover, resides in the original case and features 32 registers across three manuals and a pedal, continuing the church's long-standing musical tradition.

A Visit to St. Johann

Visiting St. Johann is a journey through time, where each corner reveals a story waiting to be told. The church's architectural beauty, combined with its rich history and artistic treasures, makes it a must-visit destination for anyone exploring Kronberg im Taunus. Whether you're an art lover, history enthusiast, or simply seeking a moment of reflection, St. Johann offers a serene and enlightening experience.

In conclusion, St. Johann is more than just a church; it's a testament to the enduring spirit and legacy of the people who built and cherished it. Its walls echo with the stories of yesteryears, inviting visitors to step into a world where history and art come alive in perfect harmony.