Church of Saint Lazarus, Larnaca

Nestled in the heart of Larnaca, Cyprus, the Church of Saint Lazarus (ναός του Αγίου Λαζάρου) stands as a beacon of historical and religious significance. This ancient edifice, dating back to the late 9th century, is dedicated to Saint Lazarus of Bethany, who, according to the Gospel of John, was resurrected by Jesus four days after his death. The church's rich history, architectural beauty, and spiritual ambiance make it a must-visit for anyone exploring the cultural tapestry of Cyprus.

The History of the Church of Saint Lazarus

The story of the Church of Saint Lazarus is interwoven with the legend of its namesake. According to ecclesiastical tradition, after his resurrection, Lazarus fled Judea to escape threats to his life and sought refuge in Cyprus. Here, the apostles Paul and Barnabas appointed him as the first Bishop of Kition, the ancient name for Larnaca. Lazarus lived in Larnaca until his second and final death, and the church was built over what is considered to be his tomb.

During the Arab rule starting in 649 AD, the location of Lazarus's tomb was lost. However, in 890 AD, a tomb with the inscription Lazarus, four days dead, friend of Christ was discovered in Larnaca. In 898 AD, Byzantine Emperor Leo VI transferred Lazarus's relics to Constantinople, rewarding Larnaca by constructing the church over the tomb. This act is commemorated by the Orthodox Church every year on October 17th.

The church has witnessed numerous transformations over the centuries. During the Frankish and Venetian rule (13th to 16th centuries), it became a Roman Catholic church, and a Gothic-style stone portico was added to its southern side. The original bell tower and three imposing domes were destroyed, likely during the early years of Ottoman rule when the church was converted into a mosque. In 1589, the Ottomans sold the church back to the Orthodox Christians, and it was used for both Orthodox and Catholic services for the next two centuries. The portico bears traces of Greek, Latin, and French inscriptions, reflecting its diverse history. The bell tower was rebuilt in a neo-Gothic style in 1857 after the Ottoman authorities allowed Cypriot churches to have bell towers again.

A fire in 1970 caused significant damage to the interior, including a section of the iconostasis and its icons. The iconostasis was partially restored and re-gilded between 1972 and 1974. During subsequent renovations, human remains were discovered in a marble sarcophagus beneath the altar, identified as part of Saint Lazarus's relics, indicating that not all of his remains had been transferred to Constantinople.

Architectural Marvel

The Church of Saint Lazarus is an architectural gem measuring 31.5 by 14.5 meters. It features a tripartite sanctuary with semicircular apses on the inside and three-sided apses on the outside, with a five-sided central apse. The interior is divided into three aisles by massive double columns with arched openings, supporting the domes and forming the central nave. The north and south aisles have semi-cylindrical roofs, covered with transverse vaults. The church's masonry consists mainly of square limestone blocks about one meter thick. An open portico, with stairs leading into the church, enhances its grandeur.

The unique Baroque iconostasis, carved between 1773 and 1782 by Hatzisavvas Taliadorou, is a masterpiece of woodcarving. It was gilded between 1793 and 1797, and some of the icons were painted in the late 18th century by Michael Proskynitopoulos from Marathasa. The painter Hatzimichael completed the iconostasis icons in 1797. Some of the church's wooden furniture (including a Rococo pulpit on a column for Catholic use) and wall icons date back to the 17th century.

Exploring the Church of Saint Lazarus

Visiting the Church of Saint Lazarus is like stepping back in time. The church's serene ambiance and historical aura provide a profound spiritual experience. The Byzantine Museum adjacent to the church houses an impressive collection of icons and religious artifacts, offering a deeper insight into the region's religious heritage.

The church's crypt, believed to be the final resting place of Saint Lazarus, is a place of pilgrimage. The marble sarcophagus and the surrounding relics evoke a sense of reverence and wonder. The intricate woodwork of the iconostasis, the beautifully restored frescoes, and the Gothic-style portico add to the church's architectural splendor.

A Living Monument

The Church of Saint Lazarus is not just a historical monument but a living testament to the enduring faith and resilience of the Cypriot people. It stands as a symbol of the island's rich cultural and religious history, attracting pilgrims and tourists from around the world. Whether you are a history enthusiast, a spiritual seeker, or an architecture lover, the Church of Saint Lazarus offers a unique and enriching experience that will leave a lasting impression.

In conclusion, the Church of Saint Lazarus is a jewel in the crown of Larnaca, embodying centuries of history, faith, and artistry. Its walls whisper the tales of bygone eras, inviting visitors to explore and connect with the legacy of Saint Lazarus and the vibrant history of Cyprus. A visit to this magnificent church is a journey through time, offering a glimpse into the soul of a nation and the enduring spirit of its people.