Saint-Michaels' church

Saint-Michaels' Church, known locally as Sint-Michielskerk, stands as a magnificent testament to Baroque architecture in the heart of Leuven, Belgium. This striking edifice, renowned as the most significant Jesuit church in Belgium, captivates visitors with its grandiose design and rich history, making it a must-visit landmark for anyone exploring Leuven.

The History of Saint-Michaels' Church

The origins of Saint-Michaels' Church are deeply intertwined with the Jesuit order. The current church was built in 1650 as part of a Jesuit monastery complex on Naamsestraat. The design was crafted by Willem Hesius, a Jesuit priest and architect who drew inspiration from the iconic Church of the Gesù in Rome. The church was not initially dedicated to Saint Michael; instead, it served as the monastery church for the Jesuits.

The original Saint-Michaels' Church was a Romanesque structure located further east, built in 1165 at the intersection of Tiensestraat and the inner city wall. This church played a dual role, serving both religious purposes and as a belfry for the city's defense. However, by the 18th century, the Romanesque church had fallen into disrepair and was demolished in 1781. The parish then moved to the current Baroque church, which adopted the name and patronage of Saint Michael.

During the French Revolution, the church, like many others in the area, was confiscated and repurposed multiple times, serving as a Temple of Reason, Temple of the Eternal, and Temple of the Law. It wasn't until 1803 that the church was returned to its religious function. The church suffered significant damage during World War II when a bomb destroyed the roof and the vault of the nave. The subsequent restoration took three years, from 1947 to 1950, and in 1970, the church was designated as a protected monument. Another restoration was necessary in 1983 due to structural issues, and the church was finally reopened in 1998 after extensive renovations.

Architectural Marvels

Saint-Michaels' Church is a masterpiece of Baroque architecture, with its most striking feature being its monumental west façade. Often referred to as the altar outside the church, this façade is considered one of the seven wonders of Leuven. It comprises three levels, each richly decorated with intricate cornices and friezes, creating a visually stunning effect that captures the essence of Baroque grandeur.

The church's floor plan is cruciform, featuring a three-aisled nave with six bays, a transept, a chancel, and side chapels. The interior, while simpler in its external design, houses numerous artistic treasures that reflect the church's historical and religious significance.

Interior Treasures

Inside Saint-Michaels' Church, visitors are greeted by an array of Baroque masterpieces. The dark wooden confessionals are particularly noteworthy, adorned with elaborate carvings of angels, columns, and scenes depicting the Passion of Christ. These confessionals were crafted by an unknown master and add to the church's rich artistic heritage.

The side aisles feature a series of paintings illustrating the Stations of the Cross, many of which were replaced after the destruction caused by World War II. In the left arm of the transept, the altar of Saint Joseph houses a painting by Erasmus Quellinus II, titled The Triumph of the Immaculate Conception (1665). The choir stalls, originating from a former Carthusian monastery, are designed in the Louis XVI style and add a touch of classical elegance to the church's interior.

The main altar is adorned with a painting by Victor H. Janssens, depicting The Holy Maid Appearing to Thomas Aquinas. Another highlight is the Baroque communion rail, decorated with fourteen medallions, some of which feature images of Jesuit saints, and delicate carvings of angels, fruits, and Eucharistic symbols. The pulpit, crafted by Simon Duray between 1665 and 1667, was originally intended for the Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula in Brussels but was later adapted for its current location.

One of the oldest artifacts in the church is a brass holy water font from 1473, which originates from the original Romanesque Saint-Michaels' Church.

The Organs

Before World War II, Saint-Michaels' Church boasted a significant organ, which was unfortunately destroyed during the bombing. In 1950, a new organ was installed, built by the organ-building firm V.d. Loo & Zn. This new instrument, the largest in Leuven, features 38 stops across three manuals and pedal, offering a rich and powerful sound that enhances the church's liturgical music.

In conclusion, Saint-Michaels' Church in Leuven is not just a place of worship; it is a historical and architectural gem that offers a glimpse into the rich cultural and religious heritage of the city. Its stunning Baroque façade, artistic interior, and fascinating history make it an essential destination for anyone visiting Leuven. Whether you are a history enthusiast, an art lover, or simply a curious traveler, Saint-Michaels' Church promises an unforgettable experience that will leave you in awe of its beauty and significance.