Castel Sant'Angelo

Castel Sant'Angelo, located in the charming town of Licata in the Province of Agrigento, Sicily, is a captivating historical fortress that stands as a testament to the rich and varied history of the region. Perched at the easternmost tip of Mount Licata, at an elevation of 130 meters above sea level, this imposing structure offers breathtaking views of the port to the south, the city, and the plains to the north. The area surrounding the castle is a treasure trove of archaeological remnants, including necropolises, sanctuaries, silos, roads, monumental tombs, dwelling spaces, and cisterns, making it a must-visit for history enthusiasts and casual tourists alike.

The History of Castel Sant'Angelo

The construction of Castel Sant'Angelo began in 1615 under the direction of Hernando Petigno, the general commander of the cavalry of the Kingdom of Sicily and the Governor of the military square of Syracuse. The castle was built adjacent to a pre-existing quadrangular watchtower, which had been constructed between 1583 and 1585 based on the designs of the engineer Camillo Camilliani. However, the construction was halted and did not resume until 1636, when Serpione Cottone, the Marquess of Altamura, took over the direction of the works and the care of the armament. The bastion was completed and inaugurated in 1640, representing a rare example of Baroque fortresses that emerged in Sicily during the 17th century.

Interestingly, Castel Sant'Angelo never faced any attacks. It was demilitarized and repurposed as a telegraph station for state service from 1849 to 1856. In the early 1900s, it housed a semaphore station with a detachment of the Air Force, which remained operational until 1965, the year the castle was finally abandoned. On July 8, 1969, it was declared of particular artistic and historical interest under the law of June 1, 1939, No. 1089.

In the 1980s, the castle underwent a significant restoration effort by the Superintendence of Cultural Heritage and Environmental Conservation of Agrigento. The restoration focused on the recovery of the tower and some of the rooms overlooking the courtyard, successfully preserving the architectural integrity of the structure and allowing for complete enjoyment of both the internal atrium and the terraces. Its location at the heart of an exceptionally interesting archaeological area, at the center of the Hellenistic city that extends atop Mount Sant'Angelo, makes it a natural point of reference for visitors exploring the surrounding archaeological sites.

Exploring Castel Sant'Angelo

The architectural layout of Castel Sant'Angelo is approximately triangular. The solid volumes of the pre-existing watchtower and the lower rooms are arranged around a central triangular courtyard with an underground cistern at its center. The external appearance of the castle is characterized by its robust, continuous forms, highlighted by the sturdy compactness of the sloping walls and the continuous battlements. Inside, the rooms vary in height, creating a more diverse space, despite the rigidly planned central core. The thick, cordoned walls join the massive square tower, which is half-filled.

To the east, west, and north, guard towers were positioned at the corners of the walls, supported by strong brackets. Soldier accommodations, stables, and warehouses were constructed along the entire perimeter of the internal walls. Access to the castle was only possible from the south, via a drawbridge that spanned a moat, isolating the large tower from the surrounding countryside. Opposite the entrance, at the western end of the courtyard, under a large arch, was the castle's chapel, which no longer exists. Only traces of the frames remain, which likely included frescoes or paintings.

The Surrounding Archaeological Area

Visitors to Castel Sant'Angelo will find themselves at the epicenter of a rich archaeological landscape. The surrounding area is dotted with ancient relics that paint a vivid picture of the region's past. From ancient necropolises and sanctuaries to monumental tombs and ancient roads, the archaeological treasures around the castle offer a fascinating glimpse into the lives of those who once inhabited this area. The presence of cisterns and dwelling spaces further enriches the historical narrative, making it a compelling destination for those interested in the ancient history of Sicily.

Conclusion

Castel Sant'Angelo in Licata is not just a fortress; it is a historical monument that encapsulates the rich cultural heritage of Sicily. Its sturdy walls and strategic location tell the story of a region that has seen centuries of history unfold. Whether you are a history buff, an archaeology enthusiast, or simply a curious traveler, a visit to Castel Sant'Angelo promises a journey through time, offering insights into the architectural ingenuity and historical significance of this remarkable site. As you explore the castle and its surroundings, you will be transported back in time, gaining a deeper appreciation for the rich tapestry of history that defines this enchanting corner of Sicily.