St. Mary's Cathedral in Limerick, Ireland, stands as a testament to the city's rich history and architectural prowess. This majestic cathedral, dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary, has been a cornerstone of Limerick's spiritual and cultural life since its foundation in 1168. As the oldest building in the city still in use, it offers visitors a unique glimpse into the past, with its ancient walls echoing stories of kings, warriors, and saints.
St. Mary's Cathedral was founded by Domnall Mór Ua Briain, the last King of Munster, on the site of his palace on King's Island. This location was historically significant, as it was once a Viking meeting place, or Thingmote, making it the westernmost stronghold of the Vikings in Europe. The great west door of the cathedral is believed to have been the original main entrance to the royal palace, and it still bears the marks of swords and arrows sharpened by defenders during the many sieges Limerick has endured.
The cathedral's tower, added in the 14th century, rises to an impressive height of 120 feet and houses a peal of eight bells. Six of these bells were cast by John Taylor & Co in Loughborough, while the remaining two were cast in Whitechapel, London. The tower also contains a stationary service bell that can be rung from the ground floor, adding to the cathedral's historic charm.
One of the most striking features of St. Mary's Cathedral is its set of misericords, the only complete set remaining in Ireland. These intricately carved wooden seats, designed to provide support for clergy during long periods of standing, are a rare and fascinating glimpse into medieval craftsmanship.
Inside the cathedral, five chandeliers hang from the ceiling, with three of the larger ones made in Dublin and presented by the Limerick Corporation in 1759. These chandeliers are only lit on special occasions, adding a touch of grandeur to the cathedral's interior. The cathedral also boasts an organ, originally donated in 1624 by Bishop Bernard Adams. This organ has been rebuilt several times, most recently in 1968 and 2005, and continues to fill the cathedral with its resonant tones.
The cathedral grounds are home to many graves and tombs of notable figures. Among them is the physician Samuel Crumpe, buried near the great west door. Other notable burials include Prince Milo of Montenegro, Frances Condell (the first woman Mayor of Limerick), and Bishop Charles Graves. The remnants of Domnall Mór Ua Briain's stone coffin can still be seen in the cathedral chancel, a poignant reminder of the cathedral's royal origins.
Additionally, the cathedral houses a United Nations Memorial Plaque, commemorating the Irish men who died while serving as United Nations Peacekeepers. This plaque serves as a solemn reminder of Ireland's contributions to global peace and security.
St. Mary's Cathedral has witnessed many significant historical events. During the Irish Confederacy wars, it briefly came under Roman Catholic control, and Bishop Richard Arthur was buried there in 1646. In 1651, Oliver Cromwell's forces captured Limerick and used the cathedral as a stable, a fate shared by many great cathedrals during the Cromwellian campaign in Ireland. The original pre-Reformation high altar, removed by Cromwell's troops, was reinstated in the 1960s and remains the largest such altar in Ireland and the UK.
The cathedral suffered considerable damage during the Williamite Siege of Limerick in 1691, particularly on the east end. Following the Treaty of Limerick, William granted £1,000 towards repairs, and cannonballs from the siege can still be seen in the Glentworth Chapel/Saint George's Chapel.
In 1968, the Irish Government commemorated the cathedral's 800th anniversary with two postage stamps. A large restoration program in the 1990s saw the excavation and re-laying of the floors and the installation of underfloor central heating. Restoration efforts continue to this day, ensuring that this historic building remains preserved for future generations.
Today, St. Mary's Cathedral is not only a place of worship but also one of Limerick's top tourist attractions. Open to the public daily, it welcomes visitors from around the world who come to admire its architectural beauty and learn about its storied past. A small admission fee helps maintain the cathedral, ensuring that it can continue to serve as a beacon of history and faith for years to come.
In conclusion, St. Mary's Cathedral is a must-visit for anyone traveling to Limerick. Its rich history, stunning architecture, and serene atmosphere make it a truly unforgettable destination. Whether you're a history buff, an architecture enthusiast, or simply seeking a moment of quiet reflection, St. Mary's Cathedral offers something for everyone.
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