San Giuliano Church

San Giuliano Church, known locally as Duomo di Macerata, stands as a testament to centuries of faith, art, and history in the picturesque town of Macerata, Italy. This magnificent structure, with its blend of Gothic and Neoclassical elements, invites visitors to step back in time and explore its rich heritage and artistic treasures.

The History of San Giuliano Church

The origins of San Giuliano Church date back to the 10th century when a modest rural chapel dedicated to Saint Julian was erected on this site. Over the centuries, this humble beginning evolved into the grand cathedral we see today. The transformation began in earnest between the 14th and 15th centuries when a second building was constructed adjacent to the original chapel. This expansion included the addition of a bell tower, completed in 1478, designed in the Gothic style by Marino di Marco Cedrino.

The true metamorphosis of the church occurred in the 18th century under the direction of architect Cosimo Morelli. Commissioned by Bishop Nicolò dall'Aste, Morelli unified the existing structures into a single, cohesive Neoclassical cathedral. The construction, which began in 1771, continued until 1790, resulting in the vast and luminous interior that still captivates visitors today.

Exploring San Giuliano Church

As you approach San Giuliano Church, the first thing you'll notice is its unfinished façade, a charming reminder of the church's long and storied history. The Gothic bell tower, with its elegant arches and intricate details, stands as a sentinel, guiding worshippers and tourists alike to the church's entrance.

Stepping inside, you'll be greeted by the expansive and light-filled interior designed by Cosimo Morelli. The church's layout, with its wide nave and side chapels, creates a sense of openness and tranquility, inviting visitors to pause and reflect.

Artistic Treasures and Chapels

San Giuliano Church is home to a wealth of artistic treasures, many of which are housed in its side chapels. The first chapel on the right, dedicated to Saint Peter, once featured three altarpieces by Giovanni Baglione. While only the central painting, The Delivery of the Keys to Saint Peter, remains in situ, the other two works, The Crucifixion and The Resurrection of Tabitha, can be found in the sacristy.

In the second chapel, known as the Rossini Chapel, you'll find a beautiful altarpiece depicting the Madonna between Saints Sebastian and Andrew, painted by Andrea Boscoli in 1600. This work is part of a larger artistic context that enriches the church's interior.

The right transept houses a stunning mosaic of Saint Michael the Archangel, created by Giovan Battista Calandra in 1628. This masterpiece, originally intended for St. Peter's Basilica, was gifted to the church by Cardinal Guglielmo Pallotta.

At the heart of the church, in the apse, you'll find an altarpiece depicting Saint Julian interceding with the Madonna and Child to protect the town from the plague. This evocative work was painted by Cristoforo Unterpergher in 1786. Nearby, in the presbytery, you'll encounter a polyptych by Allegretto Nuzi, dating back to 1369, which features the Madonna and Child with Angels and Saints Anthony the Abbot and Julian.

On the opposite side, an altarpiece by Lorenzo di Giovanni de Carris captures the Madonna and Child in flight with Saints Julian and Anthony of Padua. This work, created around 1515-1517, showcases the artist's distinctive style, characterized by vibrant colors and intricate details.

The Organs of San Giuliano Church

Music lovers will be delighted to discover the church's impressive organs. The main organ, built by Gaetano Callido in 1790, has been meticulously restored and features two keyboards and a pedalboard. A second organ, constructed in 1982 and gifted to the church in 1987, is located in the right transept. This instrument, with its electric transmission and two manuals, adds a modern touch to the church's musical heritage.

In conclusion, San Giuliano Church, or Duomo di Macerata, is not just a place of worship but a treasure trove of history and art. Its walls echo with the prayers and artistry of centuries, making it a must-visit destination for anyone exploring the beautiful town of Macerata. Whether you're an art enthusiast, a history buff, or simply a curious traveler, San Giuliano Church offers a glimpse into the rich cultural tapestry of Italy's Marche region.