San Barnaba apostolo, known locally as Basilica di San Barnaba, is a magnificent example of religious architecture nestled in the heart of Marino, Italy. This grand basilica, with its rich history and stunning design, stands as a testament to the devotion of the Colonna family and the faith of the local community. As one of the largest and most important churches in the suburbicarian diocese of Albano, San Barnaba apostolo is a must-visit for anyone exploring the region.
The story of San Barnaba apostolo is steeped in legend and tradition. Originally, the patron saint of Marino was Saint Lucy, and a church dedicated to her still exists in the lower-medieval part of the town. However, the town's patronage shifted to St. Barnabas following a series of natural calamities. Between 1615 and 1617, Marino's countryside was repeatedly devastated by violent hailstorms on June 11, the feast day of St. Barnabas. In a bid to end this scourge, the townspeople convened a plenary assembly and petitioned Cardinal Francesco Sforza to venerate St. Barnabas as their patron saint. The Cardinal agreed, and from June 4, 1619, the feast of St. Barnabas began to be solemnly celebrated.
At the dawn of the 17th century, Marino was divided into two parishes: St. Lucy and St. John the Baptist. The latter was the oldest parish, located in what is now the Castelletto district. To unify the community and end the frequent quarrels between the two parishes, Duke Filippo I Colonna and his son, Cardinal Girolamo Colonna, decided to dissolve both parishes and create a single parish dedicated to St. Barnabas. This decision, endorsed by ecclesiastical authorities, led to the foundation of the new parish church.
On October 28, 1636, Monsignor Giovanni Battista Altieri, vicar general of the suburbicarian see of Albano, officially abolished the two parishes and amalgamated their resources into the new parish of San Barnaba. Despite some initial financial mismanagement, the foundation stone of the new church was laid on June 10, 1640, with great ceremony. Pope Urban VIII later confirmed the suppression of the old parishes and elevated the new church to the status of a collegiate church and nullius abbey, complete with a chapter of twelve canons and six benefactors.
The construction of San Barnaba apostolo was a monumental task, taking fifteen years to complete. By June 5, 1642, the pillars and vaults of the eight chapels were in place, and by 1655, the church was largely finished. Measuring 58.75 meters in length, 24 meters in width at the transept, and 36 meters in height to the dome's lantern, the basilica is an imposing structure. However, due to a devastating plague in 1656, the church's consecration was delayed, and the population of Marino was severely reduced.
The first sung mass in the new church was celebrated on October 22, 1662, and the official consecration took place on May 14, 1713. Over the centuries, the basilica has undergone various enhancements and restorations, including reinforcement work following the 1902 earthquake and modernization efforts in the early 20th century.
Today, San Barnaba apostolo stands as a beacon of faith and history in Marino. Its façade, adorned with statues and intricate carvings, welcomes visitors into a space filled with religious art and historical artifacts. Inside, the basilica houses numerous chapels, each dedicated to different saints and adorned with beautiful altars and frescoes.
One of the basilica's most treasured artifacts is the image of Our Lady of the Rosary, moved from the old church of Santa Lucia in 1662. The basilica also played a significant role during various historical events, including the Roman Republic and the Neapolitan liberation troops' encampment in 1799.
In 1851, Pope Pius IX elevated the church to the status of a minor basilica, further cementing its importance in the region. Despite periods of anti-clerical sentiment and political upheaval, San Barnaba apostolo has remained a steadfast symbol of the community's faith and resilience.
A visit to San Barnaba apostolo offers a unique glimpse into the rich history and cultural heritage of Marino. As you explore the basilica, take time to admire the stunning architecture, from the grand dome to the intricate details of the chapels. The basilica's serene atmosphere provides a perfect setting for reflection and appreciation of the artistry and devotion that have shaped this remarkable place.
Whether you are a history enthusiast, an art lover, or simply seeking a moment of tranquility, San Barnaba apostolo is a destination that promises to leave a lasting impression. Its walls echo the stories of centuries past, inviting you to become a part of its enduring legacy.
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