Marseille History Museum

Situated in the heart of Marseille, the Marseille History Museum (Musée d'Histoire de Marseille) is an urban history museum that offers an immersive journey through the rich and diverse history of France’s oldest city. Nestled within the Centre Bourse, near the iconic Vieux-Port, the museum covers a vast area of 3,500 square meters, making it the largest urban history museum in France. Renowned for its extensive collection of artifacts and innovative exhibits, the Marseille History Museum is a must-visit for history enthusiasts and casual tourists alike.

The Birth and Evolution of the Museum

The museum’s origins date back to 1967 when construction began on the Centre Bourse. During the excavation, a treasure trove of Greek, Roman, and medieval relics was unearthed, revealing the historical significance of the site. Recognizing the importance of these findings, the city decided to establish a museum to preserve and showcase Marseille's rich archaeological heritage. The museum officially opened its doors in 1983 and underwent a significant renovation, reopening on September 14, 2013, as part of the Marseille-Provence 2013 European Capital of Culture celebrations.

Exploring the Permanent Exhibition

The permanent exhibition at the Marseille History Museum is divided into thirteen thematic sections, each offering a unique glimpse into different periods of the city's history. The journey begins with Marseille before Marseille, a captivating film that delves into the prehistoric occupation of the region. This sets the stage for the subsequent sections, which chronicle the city's evolution from its founding by Greek settlers around 600 BC to modern times.

Gyptis and Protis: The Greek Founders

One of the most fascinating sections is dedicated to the Greek period, highlighting the arrival of the Ionian Greeks who established the city. This era saw the development of trade, particularly in wine, which was initially imported from Etruria and later produced locally. The museum showcases various types of amphorae used for transporting wine, providing a tangible connection to the ancient trade routes that once thrived in the region.

The religious influence of the Greeks is also evident, with artifacts such as votive steles and a massive Ionic capital from a temple dedicated to Artemis, Apollon, or Athena. These relics offer a glimpse into the spiritual life of the early inhabitants of Marseille and their devotion to their gods.

Roman and Medieval Marvels

The museum's collection of Roman and medieval artifacts is equally impressive. Among the highlights are the seven ancient shipwrecks discovered during excavations at Place Jules-Verne. These include two Greek and five Roman vessels, providing invaluable insights into ancient maritime trade and shipbuilding techniques. The Greek ships, known as Jules-Verne 9 and Jules-Verne 7, date back to the 6th century BC and showcase the transition from ligature-based construction to the use of tenons and mortises.

The Roman period is represented by various public monuments, including the Caves Saint-Sauveur, which illustrate the city's economic prosperity and architectural prowess. The museum also features an array of everyday objects, from pottery and lamps to coins and tools, offering a comprehensive view of daily life in ancient Marseille.

The Medieval and Modern Eras

As visitors progress through the museum, they encounter exhibits dedicated to the medieval and modern eras. These sections explore the city's transformation under the influence of various rulers and the impact of significant events, such as the arrival of the Black Death and the rise of the maritime trade during the Renaissance. The museum's collection of medieval artifacts includes religious relics, weaponry, and household items, providing a vivid picture of life in Marseille during this tumultuous period.

Temporary Exhibitions and Educational Programs

In addition to its permanent collection, the Marseille History Museum hosts a variety of temporary exhibitions that delve into specific aspects of the city's history or explore broader historical themes. These rotating exhibits ensure that there is always something new to discover, making each visit a unique experience.

The museum also offers a range of educational programs and workshops for visitors of all ages. These programs are designed to engage and inspire, offering hands-on activities, guided tours, and interactive displays that bring history to life. Whether you're a student, a history buff, or simply curious about Marseille's past, these educational initiatives provide a deeper understanding of the city's rich heritage.

The Garden of Vestiges

One of the museum's most remarkable features is the Garden of Vestiges, an open-air archaeological site that showcases the remains of the ancient port of Marseille. This tranquil garden offers a unique opportunity to walk among the ruins of the city's past, including sections of the Greek ramparts, Roman docks, and medieval fortifications. The Garden of Vestiges is a serene and contemplative space, providing a tangible connection to the layers of history that have shaped Marseille over the centuries.

In conclusion, the Marseille History Museum is more than just a repository of artifacts; it is a vibrant and dynamic institution that tells the story of one of Europe's oldest cities. With its extensive collection, engaging exhibits, and innovative educational programs, the museum offers a fascinating journey through time, illuminating the rich tapestry of Marseille's history. Whether you're a seasoned historian or a casual visitor, the Marseille History Museum promises an unforgettable experience that will leave you with a deeper appreciation for this remarkable city.