Middelburg Town Hall

Middelburg Town Hall, known locally as Stadhuis van Middelburg, is a stunning example of late Gothic architecture prominently situated in the heart of the Netherlands' historic city of Middelburg. This architectural gem, with its intricate façade and towering spire, offers a glimpse into the rich history and artistic heritage of the region. A visit to this historic building is like stepping back in time to the grandeur of the 15th century.

The Beginnings of Middelburg Town Hall

The story of Middelburg Town Hall begins in 1452, when the first stone was laid under the watchful eyes of the Keldermans family, a renowned lineage of architects from Mechelen. The construction spanned several generations, finally reaching completion in 1520. The building not only served as the town hall but also housed the Vleeshal (meat hall) and the Lakenhal (cloth hall), reflecting Middelburg's economic prosperity during the 15th century.

The Keldermans family played a pivotal role in shaping the town hall's distinctive Gothic appearance. Andries I, along with his brothers Matthijs I and Jan III, contributed significantly to the project. By 1458, the new council chamber was ready for use, marking the end of the first phase of construction. The second phase, which began in 1506, saw the addition of the tower, designed by Anthonis I. Though initially intended to be taller, the tower was capped in 1521, giving it the unique, somewhat stunted appearance it retains today.

Architectural Marvels

One of the most striking features of Middelburg Town Hall is its façade, adorned with 25 statues representing the counts and countesses who ruled over Zeeland. These figures, created by the Mechelen sculptor Michiel Ywijnszoon in 1516, add a regal touch to the building. The statues were originally painted in vibrant colors, though they were replaced during a restoration in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

The tower, affectionately nicknamed Malle Betje by locals due to its clock's tendency to lag behind the nearby Lange Jan tower, is another highlight. Between 1560 and 1562, the tower was crowned with a wind vane in the shape of a sea knight, adding a whimsical touch to its Gothic grandeur. The clock, installed in 1525, was later adorned with two wooden figures in 1590, further enhancing its charm.

Restorations and Rebirth

Over the centuries, Middelburg Town Hall has undergone numerous renovations and restorations. Between 1881 and 1918, the building was meticulously restored under the guidance of Pierre Cuypers. This restoration included the replacement of the statues on the façade and the addition of a balustrade on the roof. The small stair tower, known as the Choertoren, was also restored during this period.

The town hall faced one of its greatest challenges on May 17, 1940, when a devastating fire, a result of wartime bombings, ravaged the building. Only the charred walls remained standing, and the interior, along with the city's archives, was completely destroyed. However, the spirit of Middelburg was unbroken. The town hall was painstakingly rebuilt, with a focus on restoring its Gothic façade while incorporating modern elements. The neoclassical wing on the Noordstraat was not reconstructed, giving the building a slightly different appearance than before.

A New Era

In 2004, the municipal offices moved to a new location, and Middelburg Town Hall found a new purpose. It became home to the Roosevelt Academy, now known as University College Roosevelt, offering a prestigious liberal arts education. The Vleeshal, the former meat hall, was transformed into an exhibition space for contemporary art, managed by the Stichting Beeldende Kunst Middelburg (SBKM). This vibrant cultural hub hosts rotating exhibitions, adding a modern twist to the historic setting.

Exploring Middelburg Town Hall

Visitors to Middelburg Town Hall can explore its rich history and architectural beauty. The reception hall, once the site of the high vierschaar where serious criminal cases were judged, now serves as a space for weddings and other ceremonies. The council chamber and the B&W room, used for municipal meetings until 2004, still retain their historical furnishings, offering a glimpse into the town hall's past functions.

Above the Vleeshal, the Burgerzaal (Citizens' Hall) is now used for official receptions. This room, once the Lakenhal, continues to serve the community in new ways. Although the town hall no longer houses a museum, remnants of its past, including fragments of the original statues, can still be found within its walls.

Middelburg Town Hall is more than just a building; it is a testament to the resilience and creativity of the people of Middelburg. Its walls tell stories of prosperity, destruction, and rebirth, making it a must-visit destination for anyone interested in history, architecture, and art. Whether you're admiring the intricate Gothic details, exploring the contemporary art exhibitions, or simply soaking in the atmosphere of the Markt square, Middelburg Town Hall offers an unforgettable experience.