Basilica of Saint Mary

In the heart of downtown Minneapolis, nestled along Hennepin Avenue, stands a monumental testament to architectural prowess and spiritual significance – the Basilica of Saint Mary. This grand edifice, with its towering spires and intricate design, is not just a place of worship but a beacon of history, art, and community spirit. As the first basilica established in the United States, it holds a special place in the annals of American ecclesiastical history.

The Genesis of the Basilica

The Basilica of Saint Mary replaced the original Church of the Immaculate Conception, which was built in 1871 but eventually became engulfed by the expanding warehouse district of downtown Minneapolis. The vision for a new church was set into motion by Archbishop John Ireland, who announced the plans on Christmas Day, 1903. A generous donation of land by Lawrence S. Donaldson in 1905 paved the way for the construction of the new church near Loring Park.

The architectural design was entrusted to Franco-American architect Emmanuel Louis Masqueray, who also designed the Cathedral of Saint Paul. Masqueray's Beaux-Arts style brought a touch of European grandeur to the American Midwest. Groundbreaking took place on August 7, 1907, and the cornerstone was laid on May 31, 1908, in a grand ceremony attended by 30,000 Catholics, twenty bishops, 300 priests and seminarians, and 500 cadets from the College of Saint Thomas.

A Masterpiece of Architecture

The Basilica of Saint Mary is a marvel of architectural design and engineering. Its foundation is made of Rockville granite, while the walls are constructed from white Vermont granite. The building's height is an impressive 70 feet from the floor to the eave-line, and the main entrance features a colonnaded portico flanked by two 116-foot spires. The nave is illuminated by five large arched stained glass windows, and its barrel vault exceeds that of St. Peter's Basilica by two feet, reaching a height of 82 feet.

At the north end of the nave, the sanctuary is crowned with a grand dome measuring 40 square feet at the base and rising 138 feet above the floor. Atop the dome is a lantern topped with a bronze cross, adding another 62 feet to the structure's height, making the total height 200 feet above floor level. The marble altar, situated beneath a 50-foot-high marble-columned baldacchino, adds to the basilica's majestic aura.

A Rich Tapestry of History

The Basilica of Saint Mary was informally opened on May 31, 1914, and was initially referred to as the Pro-Cathedral of the archdiocese. It was officially named the Procathedral of Saint Mary on September 21, 1921. Although the building was open for worship in 1914, the interior decoration, windows, and plaster work were not completed until 1925. In 1926, Pope Pius XI designated it as a minor basilica, making it the first basilica in the United States.

In 1941, the basilica was formally consecrated by Archbishop Dennis Dougherty of Philadelphia during the Ninth National Eucharistic Congress. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975, recognized for its excellent architecture, engineering design, and its significance in the history of religious movements in Minnesota.

The Basilica Today

Today, the Basilica of Saint Mary continues to serve as a vibrant center of worship and community activities. Its Basilica Cathedral Choir, a 90-voice auditioned volunteer choir, provides choral music for Sunday Mass and other special services. The Schola Cantorum, a 12-voice professional choir, offers music for vespers, confirmations, and other significant occasions.

The basilica's organ, installed in 1949 and renovated in 2008, is a magnificent instrument consisting of 82 ranks on 4 manuals and pedal. It features the en-chamade Herald Trumpet, the most commanding stop of its kind in the Upper Midwest. Since 1996, the basilica has hosted various artists and musical ensembles through its artist-in-residence program, including the Basilica Brass Ensemble, the Minnesota Sinfonia, and the Rose Ensemble. The Saint Paul Chamber Orchestra also uses the basilica as a venue.

The Basilica Block Party

One of the most anticipated events at the Basilica of Saint Mary is the annual Basilica Block Party, held since 1995. Described as summertime's hottest church party, this music festival raises funds for the ongoing restoration of the basilica. It brings together music lovers from all over, creating a lively atmosphere that celebrates both community and culture.

In conclusion, the Basilica of Saint Mary is more than just a place of worship; it is a historical landmark, a hub of cultural activities, and a symbol of community resilience. Its stunning architecture and rich history make it a must-visit destination for anyone exploring Minneapolis. Whether you are drawn by its spiritual significance, its architectural beauty, or its vibrant community events, the basilica offers a unique and enriching experience that leaves a lasting impression on all who visit.