Standing as a testament to Portland's rich history and architectural prowess, the Multnomah County Courthouse is a grand edifice that has been an integral part of the city's landscape since the early 20th century. This historic building, which served as the courthouse for Multnomah County from 1911 to 2020, is more than just a place where justice was administered; it is a symbol of the city's resilience and evolution.
The story of the Multnomah County Courthouse begins in 1909 when construction commenced. Built in two phases and completed by 1914, the courthouse was an architectural marvel of its time. It was constructed at a cost of $1.6 million, a significant sum for the era. To ensure its durability and fire resistance, the building was made using concrete-encased steel, with floors and walls of terra-cotta brick covered with plaster. This robust construction allowed the courthouse to stand the test of time, serving as the largest courthouse on the west coast during its early years.
Originally, the courthouse featured a central courtyard, a unique aspect of its design. This courtyard was a witness to the prohibition era, where confiscated alcohol was unceremoniously poured down a drain. Over the years, the courtyard was filled in to accommodate more offices and a jury room, reflecting the growing needs of the county's judicial system. The courthouse also housed four two-story courtrooms, showcasing the grandeur of early 20th-century design. However, these courtrooms were later split horizontally in the 1950s to increase capacity, a practical yet impactful change to the original design.
As the decades passed, the courthouse began to show signs of wear and tear. A significant turning point came in February 2001 when an earthquake exposed structural weaknesses in the building. Studies and plans for a major seismic retrofit were considered, with costs estimated between $176 million and $220 million by 2011. However, the county board of commissioners decided in 2013 to construct a new courthouse instead of retrofitting the old one. This decision marked the beginning of a new chapter for the Multnomah County judicial system.
The search for a suitable site for the new courthouse culminated in April 2015 with the selection of a location at the west end of the Hawthorne Bridge. Construction of the new courthouse began in October 2016 and was completed in 2020. The old courthouse closed its doors on September 29, 2020, and the new building opened to the public on October 5, 2020. The new courthouse, a modern 17-story structure with 44 courtrooms, stands as a beacon of progress and innovation in Portland's judicial landscape.
While the old Multnomah County Courthouse no longer serves its original purpose, its story is far from over. In November 2018, the county sold the building to NBP Capital, a company with plans to breathe new life into the historic structure. The company intends to carry out a seismic retrofit and convert the building into a mixed-use development, although the details of these plans are still being finalized. This transformation promises to preserve the building's historical significance while adapting it to meet contemporary needs.
The Multnomah County Courthouse is an architectural gem that reflects the design sensibilities of the early 20th century. Its exterior is marked by stately columns and intricate detailing, which lend the building an air of authority and elegance. The use of terra-cotta brick and concrete-encased steel not only ensured the building's fire resistance but also contributed to its imposing presence.
Inside, the courthouse was designed to accommodate the various functions of the judicial system. The original two-story courtrooms, with their high ceilings and expansive spaces, were a testament to the grandeur of the era. Even after the modifications in the 1950s, the building retained much of its original charm and character.
While the courthouse is no longer in operation, its historical significance and architectural beauty make it a must-visit for anyone interested in Portland's history. The building stands as a reminder of the city's past and its journey through the years. Visitors can appreciate the exterior design and imagine the bustling activity that once took place within its walls.
As the building undergoes its transformation into a mixed-use development, it will continue to be a part of Portland's evolving story. The plans for its future use promise to integrate the old with the new, creating a space that honors the past while embracing the future.
In conclusion, the Multnomah County Courthouse is more than just a building; it is a symbol of Portland's resilience, growth, and commitment to preserving its history. Its walls have witnessed countless stories, and as it embarks on a new journey, it will undoubtedly continue to be a cherished landmark in the heart of the city.
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