Three Brothers

In the heart of Riga, Latvia, nestled on Maza Pils Street, you will find the charming and historically significant architectural ensemble known as the Three Brothers (Trīs brāļi). These three adjacent buildings, each with its own unique character and story, offer a captivating glimpse into the city's past and the evolution of its architectural styles.

The Oldest Brother: No. 17

The eldest of the trio, located at No. 17 Maza Pils Street, dates back to the late 15th century. This building is the oldest stone residential dwelling in Riga that has survived to the present day. Its austere facade, characterized by a stepped gable and small, irregularly placed windows, reflects the Gothic architectural style prevalent during its construction period. It is believed that a baker constructed this house around 1490, and its deep-set location on the street indicates that the street itself was once wider than it is today.

Inside, the ground floor originally served as a multifunctional space where the family lived and worked, complete with a large hearth in the corner. The upper floors, accessed by a steep wooden staircase, were used for storage. Over the centuries, the building underwent several modifications. In the 18th century, it was home to Johann Sarnow, the elder of the Small Guild, whose coat of arms can still be seen in the courtyard. During the 19th century, it housed a stonecutter named Schrader and later became the site of Riga's first confectionery.

The Middle Brother: No. 19

Next in line is the middle brother at No. 19 Maza Pils Street, constructed in 1646. This building showcases the Dutch Mannerism style, evident in its ornate facade adorned with decorative elements. The most striking feature is the elaborate portal, which was actually added in 1746 and originally belonged to the neighboring house at No. 17. During the extensive restoration efforts in the 1950s, the portal was moved to its current location.

The interior of this building was designed with practicality in mind. The first floor featured a large room with a mantel chimney, while the second floor housed a guest room. Living quarters were situated at the rear of the building, ensuring privacy for the residents. Over the years, the house has been owned by various craftsmen, reflecting the building's long-standing connection to Riga's artisan community.

The Youngest Brother: No. 21

The youngest of the Three Brothers, located at No. 21 Maza Pils Street, was constructed in 1718. This building marks a departure from the styles of its older siblings, incorporating Baroque elements that were fashionable at the time. Its facade is adorned with a distinctive mask, believed to ward off evil spirits, adding a touch of whimsy and mystique to the building.

The first owner of this house was Wendling Steding, a pastor from the nearby St. Jacob's Church. Initially, the ground floor was used as a workshop for craftsmen, but in the 19th century, the building was converted into a rental property with small apartments. Despite its narrow street frontage, the building extends significantly into the courtyard, making it deceptively spacious. During its construction, property taxes were based on the width of the building's facade, which explains its narrow appearance from the street.

A Journey Through Time

Today, the Three Brothers stand as a testament to Riga's rich architectural heritage and the city's evolution over the centuries. The buildings were meticulously restored between 1953 and 1957 under the guidance of architect Pēteris Saulītis. During this restoration, elements from other buildings destroyed during World War II were incorporated into the complex, adding layers of history and intrigue to the site.

Visitors to the Three Brothers can explore the National Cultural Heritage Board and the Latvian Museum of Architecture, both housed within these historic buildings. The museum offers fascinating exhibits that delve into the architectural history of Latvia, providing context and depth to the stories of the Three Brothers.

European Heritage Label

In recognition of their cultural and historical significance, the Three Brothers were awarded the European Heritage Label by the European Commission on March 30, 2020. This prestigious designation highlights the importance of these buildings not only to Latvia but also to Europe's shared heritage.

A visit to the Three Brothers is a journey through time, offering a unique opportunity to experience the architectural and cultural evolution of Riga. Whether you are an architecture enthusiast, a history buff, or simply a curious traveler, the Three Brothers are sure to captivate and inspire you with their timeless charm and storied past.