Former School for naval medecine

Located in the charming town of Rochefort, France, the Former School for Naval Medicine (Musée national de l'Ancienne École de médecine navale) stands as a testament to the rich history of naval medical education. This unique museum, housed in the former naval hospital, offers a fascinating glimpse into the world of medical training for naval surgeons from the 18th century onwards.

The History of the Former School for Naval Medicine

The story of the Former School for Naval Medicine begins in 1722 when it was established to train surgeons for service on warships. Initially, the school was located in various buildings around Rochefort, but in 1788, it found a permanent home in a pavilion of the newly constructed naval hospital. This move marked the beginning of a new era for the school, as it allowed for the development of extensive scientific collections to support the education of naval health officers.

Over the years, the school amassed an impressive array of teaching materials, including anatomical specimens, surgical instruments, and medical texts. A library was established, and a museum was created to house these collections, providing students with invaluable resources for their studies. The school continued to operate as a preparatory institution until 1964, and the naval hospital remained in use until its closure in 1983. In 1998, the museum opened to the public, offering visitors the chance to explore this remarkable institution's history and collections.

Exploring the Museum

Today, the Former School for Naval Medicine is a captivating museum that transports visitors back in time to the 19th century. The museum is spread across three levels, each offering a unique perspective on the history of naval medicine. The ground floor features the Act Room, where dissections and anatomy lessons were once held, and the adjacent Health Council Room.

As you ascend to the first floor, you'll find the library, which boasts an impressive collection of 25,000 volumes. This extensive library includes medical texts, as well as works on botany, zoology, geology, and other natural sciences. Among the library's treasures is an incunable from 1478, one of the oldest printed books in existence. The library also houses various manuscripts, including accounts from doctors and surgeons, and end-of-campaign reports.

The Anatomy and Medical Collections

The museum's anatomy and medical collections are a highlight of any visit. These collections were assembled to provide concrete support for teaching, with a focus on observation and practical experience. Visitors can view human remains, such as skeletons and tissues, as well as various models, including phrenological skulls and arteriology panels.

The display cases are filled with surgical instruments used for a range of procedures, from ophthalmic and dental surgeries to amputations and trepanations. These tools offer a fascinating insight into the medical practices of the time and the challenges faced by naval surgeons working in often difficult and dangerous conditions.

Natural History and Ethnography Collections

The museum also features collections of zoology and botany, which were integral to the study of natural history at the school. The General Drugstore showcases hundreds of plant samples, providing a glimpse into the medicinal uses of various plants. Additionally, the museum houses ethnographic artifacts collected by health officers during scientific expeditions in the 18th and 19th centuries. These items offer a unique perspective on the cultural interactions and discoveries made during these voyages.

Visiting the Museum

A visit to the Former School for Naval Medicine is a journey through time, offering a rare opportunity to explore the history of naval medical education. The museum has been carefully restored to reflect its mid-19th-century appearance, with original objects, books, and teaching materials on display. While the historical spaces can only be visited as part of a guided tour, a portion of the ground floor is accessible for free, providing an interpretive space that outlines the key milestones in the history of naval medicine.

Whether you're a history enthusiast, a medical professional, or simply curious about the past, the Former School for Naval Medicine is a must-visit destination. Its rich collections and engaging exhibits provide a unique insight into the world of naval medicine and the dedicated professionals who served at sea. As you wander through the museum's halls, you'll gain a deeper appreciation for the advancements in medical science and the enduring legacy of this remarkable institution.