Casa del Rey Moro

In the enchanting town of Ronda, Spain, perched dramatically on the edge of a steep cliff, lies the Casa del Rey Moro. This magnificent monument, with its rich history that spans from the 14th to the 20th century, is a testament to the architectural prowess and cultural heritage of the region. The Casa del Rey Moro is a fascinating ensemble of a neomudéjar-style house, a historic water mine from the Muslim era, and a beautifully designed garden by the renowned French landscape architect Jean Claude Nicolas Forestier.

The Historical Tapestry of Casa del Rey Moro

The origins of Casa del Rey Moro date back to the reign of King Abomelic, the son of the Sultan of Fez, during the 14th century. At that time, the Merinid dynasty controlled several frontier cities of the Nasrid Kingdom, including Ronda. The strategic importance of Ronda necessitated robust fortifications, leading to the construction of the water mine, a marvel of hydraulic engineering. This water mine was designed to extract water from the Guadalevín River, ensuring a secure water supply for the city’s inhabitants during sieges.

The water mine played a crucial role during the Reconquista in 1485 when the Castilian forces, led by the Marquis of Cádiz, besieged Ronda. By disabling the waterwheel and cutting off the water supply, the Castilian troops forced the city to surrender. Following the Reconquista, the site remained undeveloped until the 18th century when a house was constructed over the mine. This house changed hands several times, eventually coming into the possession of Trinidad von Scholtz Hermensdorff, the Duchess of Parcent, in 1911. She undertook extensive renovations, transforming the house into a neomudéjar masterpiece and commissioning Forestier to design the gardens.

Exploring the Water Mine

The water mine is one of the most well-preserved examples of 14th-century hydraulic engineering in Andalusia. Visitors can descend the steep, narrow steps carved into the rock, leading to the Sala de la Noria, where the large waterwheel once stood. This wheel was operated by Christian slaves, who transported water-filled sacks up the treacherous steps. The mine also features the fortified Sala de Armas, where weaponry was stored and defenders could repel attackers with arrows and boiling liquids.

One of the most intriguing aspects of the water mine is the Sala de los Secretos, or the Room of Secrets. This chamber, with its unique acoustics, allows whispers from one corner to be clearly heard in another, adding an element of mystery to the already fascinating site. At the very bottom of the mine, a small door opens towards the river, providing a potential escape route during times of siege.

The Neomudéjar House

The house atop the water mine is a splendid example of neomudéjar architecture, a style that blends traditional Andalusian elements with Moorish influences. The original structure, built in the 18th century, was expanded and renovated by the Duchess of Parcent in the early 20th century. She incorporated adjacent houses into the main building, creating a cohesive and grand residence. The use of glazed green tiles, ornamental brickwork, and intricate tile decorations are hallmarks of the neomudéjar style that can be admired throughout the house.

While the interior of the house is not open to the public, the exterior façade and architectural details offer a glimpse into the opulent lifestyle of its former inhabitants. The house's strategic location on the edge of the cliff provides breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape, making it a perfect spot for photography and contemplation.

The Enchanting Gardens

The gardens of Casa del Rey Moro are a true masterpiece, designed by the celebrated landscape architect Jean Claude Nicolas Forestier. Inspired by both Andalusian and French garden traditions, Forestier created a space that delights the senses with its beauty and tranquility. The garden is arranged on three terraces, each connected by short flights of stairs, and overlooks the dramatic Tajo gorge.

The upper terrace features a charming fountain that feeds a narrow canal, reminiscent of the traditional Islamic garden design. This canal flows through the garden, culminating in a serene pond on the lower terrace. The garden is filled with a variety of fruit trees and aromatic plants, carefully selected to thrive in Ronda's Mediterranean climate and to provide sensory pleasures throughout the year.

Strolling through the garden, visitors can enjoy the geometric parterres, shaded walkways, and the soothing sound of flowing water. The garden's design encourages relaxation and reflection, making it a perfect retreat from the bustling town of Ronda.

In conclusion, Casa del Rey Moro is not just a historical monument but a living testament to Ronda's rich cultural heritage. Its water mine, neomudéjar house, and enchanting gardens offer a unique glimpse into the past, while providing a serene and picturesque setting for visitors. Whether you are a history enthusiast, an architecture aficionado, or simply looking for a peaceful escape, Casa del Rey Moro is a must-visit destination in Ronda.