Saint-Étienne Cathedral

The Saint-Étienne Cathedral, known locally as Cathédrale Saint-Charles-Borromée de Saint-Étienne, is a magnificent testament to the rich history and architectural prowess of Saint-Étienne, France. This neo-Gothic masterpiece, constructed between 1912 and 1923, stands proudly in the heart of the city, offering a blend of historical significance and artistic beauty that captivates all who visit.

The History of Saint-Étienne Cathedral

The inception of the Saint-Étienne Cathedral is a story of perseverance and dedication. The initial plans for a grand church were conceived as early as 1830, inspired by the works of the school of Bossan, the architect behind the renowned Basilica of Notre-Dame de Fourvière in Lyon. However, the original plans were lost in a fire, necessitating a fresh start. Fortunately, preliminary drawings by Pierre-Marie Bossan's associate, Giniez, were recovered, allowing the project to continue under the direction of local architect Francisque Dodat.

Political turmoil delayed the construction until 1912, with the first stone being blessed by Louis Déchelette, the auxiliary bishop of Lyon. The outbreak of World War I further interrupted the progress, but the resilient spirit of the community saw the church completed and blessed in 1923. It wasn't until 1933 that the cathedral was consecrated by Cardinal Maurin. In 1971, with the establishment of the Diocese of Saint-Étienne, the church was elevated to the status of a cathedral, becoming the seat of the bishop.

Architectural Marvel

The Saint-Étienne Cathedral is an architectural gem, designed in a neo-Gothic style with a Latin cross floor plan. The building measures an impressive 80 meters in length and 30 meters in width, with its towering structure reaching 40 meters high. Unlike traditional churches, the choir is oriented to the west, a unique feature designed to align the main façade with Place Marengo, creating a grand entrance for visitors.

The interior of the cathedral is equally awe-inspiring. It boasts a vast space with five naves – a central nave flanked by two lateral naves and two aisles. The vaulted ceilings soar to a height of 17 meters, creating a sense of grandeur and openness. The choir, dating back to 1930, features an apse dedicated to Saint John Vianney, the Curé of Ars, and is flanked by two large sacristies, one of which has been converted into a winter chapel.

Art and Decoration

The interior of Saint-Étienne Cathedral is adorned with exquisite Art Deco furnishings, a testament to the generosity of the local parishioners. The main altar and pulpit, designed by Bossan and executed by his son-in-law, Sainte-Marie Perrin, are crafted from Carrara marble. The altar is decorated with a bronze bas-relief by Philippe Besnard, depicting Saint Charles Borromée and Saint Stephen, symbolizing humility and strength. The monumental pulpit, once occupying an entire bay, has been partially dismantled, with its main element reused as the current lectern.

The tabernacle, made of mahogany and gilded bronze, also designed by Bossan and Sainte-Marie Perrin, resembles the traditional Ark of the Covenant, as described in Psalm 131. Originally part of the main altar, it now stands as a separate piece. The Sacred Heart altar features a marble statue by Louis Castex, while the Virgin Mary altar showcases a statue by Charles Dufraine. The stained-glass windows and mosaics, created by the Mauméjean workshop in the 1930s, are exemplary of the period's artistry, with intricate designs and vibrant colors that continue to fascinate art historians and visitors alike.

The Bells and Organs

The cathedral's bell tower houses three bells and a massive bourdon weighing three tons, crafted by the Paccard bell foundry. These bells ring out during major religious celebrations, adding to the cathedral's majestic presence.

Music lovers will appreciate the cathedral's two magnificent organs. The choir organ, built by Auguste Convers in 1930, features two keyboards and 11 stops. The grand organ, completed by Athanase Dunand in 1967 and refurbished by Michel Jurine in 2007, boasts four keyboards and 44 stops. This grand organ, with its mechanical action for the keyboards and electric action for the stops, is a masterpiece of craftsmanship and sound, enhanced by an electronic combination system added in 2007.

A Living Monument

Saint-Étienne Cathedral is more than just a historical building; it is a living monument that continues to serve its community. The cathedral has undergone various modifications to align with liturgical reforms, including the rearrangement of the choir in accordance with the Second Vatican Council's directives. In 2005, under the guidance of Rector Martin, the cathedral saw the addition of a new episcopal cathedra, harmonizing with the altar and ambo, based on designs by architect Michel Goyet.

Visitors to Saint-Étienne Cathedral can immerse themselves in a rich tapestry of history, art, and spirituality. From its neo-Gothic architecture and Art Deco furnishings to its majestic bells and organs, the cathedral stands as a beacon of cultural and religious heritage in the heart of Saint-Étienne. Whether you are a history enthusiast, an art lover, or a spiritual seeker, Saint-Étienne Cathedral offers a profound and enriching experience that leaves a lasting impression.