Nestled in the charming town of Sant Joan Despí, just a short journey from the bustling heart of Barcelona, lies the Jujol Centre – Can Negre. This architectural gem is a testament to the genius of Josep Maria Jujol, a prominent figure in the Catalan Modernisme movement. Originally a 17th-century farmhouse, Can Negre was transformed between 1915 and 1930 into the stunning structure we see today, blending historical significance with whimsical design.
The story of Can Negre begins in the late 17th century, with its origins as a traditional farmhouse. Fast forward to the early 20th century, when Pere Negre, a local lawyer and landowner, commissioned Jujol to renovate and expand the building. Jujol, who was known for his collaboration with Antoni Gaudí, approached the project with his characteristic flair for the imaginative and the unconventional.
The transformation of Can Negre was carried out in stages, starting with the initial renovation from 1915 to 1917, followed by an expansion from 1917 to 1921, and finally, the intricate decoration phase from 1920 to 1926. Jujol's vision was to integrate the rural farmhouse into the urban fabric of Sant Joan Despí, converting it into a residence that reflected both aristocratic elegance and artistic innovation.
The most striking feature of the Jujol Centre – Can Negre is undoubtedly its façade. The undulating lines and asymmetrical design are reminiscent of Baroque architecture, yet they maintain a harmonious balance that is distinctly Jujol. The original openings of the façade were preserved, but Jujol added his unique touch, most notably with the main balcony designed to resemble a fantastical carriage. This whimsical element is crowned with an ornate sculpture of a bird feeding its young, symbolizing care and nurturing.
The façade also features a sinuous border adorned with five medallions inscribed with the Latin phrase Ave gratia plena dominus tecum, adding a spiritual dimension to the building's exterior. The decoration is a rich tapestry of sgraffito, trencadís (broken tile mosaic), wood, iron, and plaster, showcasing Jujol's mastery of various materials and techniques.
Stepping inside the Jujol Centre – Can Negre, visitors are greeted by an interior that is as captivating as the exterior. The central staircase, leading to the first floor, is a marvel of design, topped with an octagonal helicoidal dome. This dome features a ceiling panel painted in blue and white triangles, presided over by an angel, creating a celestial atmosphere.
The house also boasts a small Baroque-style chapel with an elliptical floor plan. The chapel's interior is a vibrant mix of blue, white, red, and gold, with a notable forged iron lamp adding to its charm. Another highlight is the dining room, which retains its original decor and offers a glimpse into the lifestyle of the house's former inhabitants. Additionally, a wrought iron bird, once part of the garden fence, adds a touch of nostalgia to the interior.
Jujol's influence extended beyond the walls of Can Negre to the surrounding gardens. Although some elements have been lost over time, such as the wavy brick roof and the bell on the west side, others have been preserved or integrated into the modern urban landscape. The large garden has been transformed into a unique plaza, with features like a trencadís bench and an organic-shaped pavilion now part of the adjacent Plaça de Catalunya.
Today, the Jujol Centre – Can Negre is owned by the municipality of Sant Joan Despí and serves as a vibrant cultural hub. It hosts various cultural activities and is part of the Local Museums Network of the Diputació de Barcelona. The building's restoration, completed between 1984 and 1990, was a collaborative effort supported by the local government and the Diputació de Barcelona, ensuring that Jujol's masterpiece continues to inspire and delight visitors.
For those eager to explore the Jujol Centre – Can Negre, a visit promises a journey through time and creativity. The building is not just an architectural marvel but a living museum that offers insights into the life and work of Josep Maria Jujol. From its fantastical façade to its richly decorated interiors, Can Negre is a celebration of Catalan Modernisme and a testament to the transformative power of art and architecture.
In conclusion, the Jujol Centre – Can Negre stands as a beacon of artistic innovation and historical preservation. Its walls tell stories of transformation, creativity, and cultural heritage, making it a must-visit for anyone interested in architecture, history, and the artistic legacy of Josep Maria Jujol.
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