Ruine Falkenstein

Ruine Falkenstein, nestled in the scenic Bernecktal valley in the southern part of Schramberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany, is a historical gem that beckons history enthusiasts and curious travelers alike. Known as the oldest castle in the Black Forest, this ancient ruin offers a fascinating glimpse into medieval life and the turbulent history that shaped this region.

The History of Ruine Falkenstein

The origins of Ruine Falkenstein date back to the 11th century when a local noble family from the village of Kappel, near present-day Villingen-Schwenningen, likely constructed the castle. The first recorded mention of the castle was in 1030, during a tumultuous period in the Holy Roman Empire. Duke Ernst of Swabia, a rebel and enemy of the state, sought refuge in the fortress that was then known as Falchenstein. Tragically, Duke Ernst and his comrade Werner von Kyburg met their end in a battle near the castle on August 17, 1030.

Throughout the centuries, Ruine Falkenstein witnessed numerous changes in ownership and structural modifications. In 1250, the Lords of Falkenstein acquired the nearby Ramstein Castle, and by the early 14th century, the Falkenstein family had split into two branches: Falkenstein on Falkenstein and Falkenstein on Ramstein. The Falkenstein family wielded significant influence during the Middle Ages, holding positions as abbots, choir masters, and canons in Strasbourg and various monasteries, including St. Georgen, Reichenau, St. Gallen, and Einsiedeln.

Between 1444 and 1449, Jakob and Konrad von Falkenstein sold the castle and most of their possessions to Count Ludwig of Württemberg. By the mid-15th century, Hans von Rechberg acquired both Falkenstein and Ramstein castles. He also constructed the Hohenschramberg Castle, establishing the Schramberg lordship. Unfortunately, Ruine Falkenstein met its demise in 1491 when it was destroyed. In the 19th century, the castle found new life when it was purchased and renovated by Arthur Junghans, a prominent industrialist.

Exploring Ruine Falkenstein

Visitors to Ruine Falkenstein can explore the remains of this once-mighty fortress, which consist of three main parts: the outer bailey, a residential tower, and the core castle. The outer bailey, with its surviving wall remnants, served as a defensive barrier from the valley side. A neck ditch separates the outer bailey from the core castle, and an ancient staircase leads visitors through this historical divide.

Within the core castle, visitors can trace the outlines of the palas, the main residential building. The residential tower, with its imposing and weathered stone walls, stands as a testament to the castle's former grandeur. As you wander through the ruins, it's easy to imagine the castle's bustling life during its heyday, with knights, nobles, and servants going about their daily routines.

The Falkenstein Chapel

Located in the valley below the castle, on the opposite side, stands the Falkenstein Chapel. The chapel's history is as rich and storied as the castle itself. First mentioned in diocesan records from Konstanz in 1275, the chapel was a proprietary church under the patronage of Saint Erasmus, belonging to the Lords of Falkenstein and Ramstein.

During the Thirty Years' War, the chapel suffered significant damage in 1634 due to battles between Swedish and Württemberg troops. Reconstruction efforts began in 1713, and by the mid-18th century, the chapel was consecrated by Suffragan Bishop Johann von Fugger from Konstanz. Until 1787, the chapel was part of the Lauterbach parish and served as a significant local pilgrimage site.

In the mid-19th century, the Falkenstein Chapel became the final resting place for the Counts of Bissingen and Nippenburg, with a family crypt established between 1860 and 1863. One of the chapel's most remarkable features is the Falkenstein Lamentation, a late Gothic sculpture group created by Conrad Rötlin in 1515. This exquisite work of art, depicting the mourning of Christ, is considered one of the most beautiful lamentation groups in southern Germany.

Visiting Ruine Falkenstein

Today, Ruine Falkenstein is managed and maintained by the Falkenstein Citizens' Association, ensuring that this historical treasure remains accessible to the public. The castle ruins and the chapel offer a unique and immersive experience, allowing visitors to step back in time and explore the rich history of the Black Forest region.

Whether you're a history buff, an architecture enthusiast, or simply looking for a picturesque and serene spot to explore, Ruine Falkenstein in Schramberg is a must-visit destination. The combination of its historical significance, stunning natural surroundings, and the captivating stories of its past make it a truly unforgettable experience. So, lace up your hiking boots, pack a picnic, and embark on a journey through time at Ruine Falkenstein.