The Archivturm, or Treasure Tower, stands as a silent sentinel in the heart of Schwyz, Switzerland. This medieval tower, with its rich history and robust architecture, draws visitors from all corners of the globe eager to explore its storied past. Nestled behind the town hall and adjacent to the charming Hotel Wysses Rössli, the tower is part of a picturesque setting known as Metzghofstatt, a name that evokes the historical significance of the area.
Dating back to the early 13th century, the Archivturm was originally constructed as a residence for a ministerial official serving the powerful Habsburgs. In those days, the tower was part of a settlement known by the evocative name Brochenburg, while the surrounding lands were likely referred to as Schwyz. As time marched on, the Habsburgs were pushed back in the 14th century, allowing Schwyz to claim the tower as its own.
By the end of the 15th century, the tower had taken on a new role as an archive. It became the guardian of invaluable documents, including the Federal Charter of 1291 and 1315, as well as banners captured during military campaigns. The ground floor served a more somber purpose as a prison, while the upper floors housed the precious archives. Over the centuries, the tower underwent various modifications, including the addition of a spiral staircase in 1560 and a new roof in 1593.
The Archivturm bore witness to the great fire of Schwyz in 1642, which destroyed its wooden upper structure. A new roof was erected in 1645, only to be torn away by a fierce storm. The tower was resilient, however, and by 1666, it had gained a stone staircase and improved interior spaces to better serve its archival purpose. Further renovations between 1774 and 1776 added a hipped roof and an extension serving as a staircase, granting ground-level access on the east side.
In 1936, the archives were moved to the newly established Federal Charter Museum, which offered more space and fire safety. The tower then stood empty for about 15 years, during which it underwent significant renovations. The smooth exterior plaster was removed, revealing the rugged stone walls beneath, and a steep pyramid roof replaced the previous hipped roof. By 1953, the tower had been transformed into a small heritage museum, a role it continues to fulfill today.
The Archivturm is a three-story medieval residential tower with a square footprint measuring 8.5 meters on each side. Its robust stone walls are an impressive 2.1 meters thick at the ground floor, tapering to 88 centimeters at the top level. The west side features three rectangular windows stacked vertically, while the east side remains windowless, preserving its medieval character. Access was traditionally gained via a high entrance on the first floor, a testament to its defensive design.
Originally, the tower boasted a wooden overhanging upper structure, which was replaced in modern times with the current pyramid roof. This architectural evolution reflects the tower's ability to adapt and endure through centuries of change.
Visitors to the Archivturm can step back in time as they explore this fascinating structure. The tower now houses a medieval writing workshop, offering school groups and visitors a hands-on experience of historical scribing techniques. This interactive element brings the past to life, providing a unique glimpse into the daily workings of medieval record-keeping.
The surrounding area, Metzghofstatt, adds to the tower's charm with its cobblestone paths and historic ambiance. As you wander the vicinity, imagine the bustling activity of centuries past, when the tower was a hub of administrative and archival activity.
In conclusion, the Archivturm is more than just a historical monument; it is a testament to the resilience and adaptability of Schwyz's heritage. Its walls echo with the stories of those who lived, worked, and were imprisoned within its confines. As you explore this remarkable tower, you'll find yourself transported through time, captivated by the rich tapestry of history that has unfolded within its sturdy stone walls.
Whether you're a history enthusiast or simply seeking a unique cultural experience, the Archivturm offers a compelling journey into the heart of Switzerland's medieval past. Don't miss the chance to uncover the secrets of this enduring landmark on your next visit to Schwyz.
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