Walton Bridge, an iconic structure spanning the River Thames, stands as a testament to the rich history and architectural evolution of Walton-on-Thames and Shepperton. This bridge, the sixth iteration on this site, is a vital connection carrying the A244 road and a significant landmark in the scenic landscape of Surrey.
The story of Walton Bridge begins long before the first bridge was constructed. In the 17th century, a ferry service operated at this site, providing a crucial link across the river. This ferry service, granted under a Crown monopoly, was an essential part of local life, reflecting the necessity of a reliable crossing point in this region. The ferry service was a staple of the community until the mid-18th century, when the first bridge was built.
The first Walton Bridge, completed in 1750, was a marvel of engineering for its time. Designed by William Etheridge and constructed by White of Weybridge, this wooden bridge garnered significant attention. Its innovative design, featuring timbers tangent to a circle of 100 feet in diameter, allowed for individual timbers to be replaced without disturbing the overall structure. This bridge was celebrated in literature and art, including a famous painting by Canaletto in 1754, which now resides in the Dulwich Picture Gallery. Despite its initial acclaim, the wooden bridge succumbed to decay and was dismantled in 1783.
The second bridge, constructed in 1788, was a more durable stone and brick structure designed by James Paine. This bridge inspired several paintings by the renowned artist J.M.W. Turner, capturing its elegance and the surrounding landscape. However, part of this bridge collapsed in 1859, leading to the temporary revival of the ferry service until the third bridge was completed in 1864.
The third Walton Bridge, an iron girder lattice bridge on stone piers, represented the industrial advancements of the 19th century. It included a brick viaduct to span the floodplain to the south. This bridge was freed from tolls in 1870, making it more accessible to the public. However, it suffered damage during World War II, necessitating a weight restriction and the construction of a fourth, temporary bridge in 1953.
The fourth Walton Bridge, a truss construction designed by A. M. Hamilton, was initially intended as a temporary solution. Completed in 1953, it was later designated for use by cyclists and pedestrians when the fifth bridge was opened in 1999. The fifth bridge, however, faced numerous issues, including structural weaknesses and the need for frequent resurfacing, leading to calls for a more permanent solution.
The current Walton Bridge, the sixth on this site, was opened on 22 July 2013. This modern thrust arch bridge, costing £32.4 million, was designed to address the shortcomings of its predecessors. The construction process began in earnest in January 2012, with the new bridge replacing the fourth and fifth bridges, which remained in use during the build. Notably, the sixth bridge has no piers in the river, enhancing the views along the Thames and improving navigation for boats. The removal of the old bridges was completed in November 2013, with surrounding landscaping works finalized by August 2014.
Today, Walton Bridge is not only a crucial transportation link but also a scenic highlight for visitors and locals alike. The bridge provides a picturesque crossing over the Thames, offering stunning views of the river and its surroundings. It is part of an unsigned but map-marked cyclists' variation of the Thames Path, bypassing the Shepperton to Weybridge Ferry and reconnecting at Chertsey Bridge.
This single-span bridge is the first of its kind heading upstream on the Thames, with the next single-span bridges being the Runnymede Bridges between Surrey and Berkshire. Its design and construction reflect a blend of modern engineering and aesthetic consideration, making it a fitting successor to the historical bridges that preceded it.
Walton Bridge stands as a symbol of progress and resilience, embodying the spirit of innovation and adaptation that has characterized this crossing point for centuries. As you walk or drive across the bridge, you are not just traversing a river; you are journeying through a rich tapestry of history, from the days of the ferry service to the modern engineering marvel that stands today.
Whether you are a history enthusiast, an architecture aficionado, or simply someone who appreciates the beauty of the Thames, Walton Bridge offers a unique glimpse into the past and a vision for the future. It is a landmark that continues to connect communities, inspire artists, and serve as a vital artery in the heart of Surrey.
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