Beth Meir Synagogue

In the heart of Bastia, Corsica, lies a hidden gem of historical and cultural significance: the Beth Meir Synagogue. Known locally as Synagogue Beth Meir de Bastia, this modest yet profoundly important place of worship has been a cornerstone for the Jewish community on the island since its establishment in 1934. As you wander through the narrow streets of the old town, the synagogue's unassuming facade may not immediately catch your eye, but step inside, and you'll be transported into a rich tapestry of history, resilience, and faith.

The Origins of the Beth Meir Synagogue

The story of the Beth Meir Synagogue begins with the arrival of Jewish families from Algeria and Morocco during World War I. These families, who had been living in Tiberias and Aleppo, sought refuge in Corsica to escape conscription into the Ottoman army. Their journey was fraught with challenges, but they eventually found a safe haven in Ajaccio, Corsica, in December 1915. Initially housed in an old Catholic seminary, the community faced internal tensions and eventually split, with a significant portion relocating to Bastia in February 1916.

In Bastia, these Jewish refugees joined forces with the existing Jewish community, composed of families who had fled Constantinople in the 1890s. Together, they formed a more robust and organized community, leading to the creation of the Association Cultuelle Israélite de Bastia. Salomon Bensamoun was appointed as the grand rabbi, and a larger synagogue was established in the docks of the new port, with a Sepher Torah donated by the neighboring Livorno community.

The Establishment of the Current Synagogue

The Beth Meir Synagogue as we know it today was founded in 1934, thanks to the efforts of Rabbi Meir Toledano. Rabbi Toledano, whose younger brother had temporarily sought refuge in Corsica, was captivated by the tales of the island's welcoming atmosphere. In 1924, he decided to settle in Bastia with his family and spearheaded the creation of a new synagogue named Beth Knesset Beth Meir, in honor of Rav Meir, a revered Mishnaic scholar.

The synagogue was set up in a ground-floor apartment in the historic center, near the old port. Although not originally designed as a place of worship, the apartment's Pisan-style architecture provided a remarkable setting with its double-barrel vaulted ceilings, beautifully painted by Guy-Paul Chauder. The main prayer room is complemented by a women's section and a beth midrash (study hall), along with a spacious reception area and a kitchen.

World War II and the Jewish Community

During World War II, the Jewish community in Bastia, like many others, faced significant threats. Despite the occupation of Corsica by 85,000 Italian soldiers and 15,000 Germans, the community was protected by the prefect of Corsica, Paul Balley. While Jewish families in southern Corsica were placed under house arrest, the men from the Bastia community, numbering between 60 and 80, were interned in Asco from May to September 1943. Remarkably, no French Jews from Corsica were deported to Nazi extermination camps.

Following the liberation of Corsica on October 4, 1943, the first French department to be freed, the Jewish prisoners were released. The community's resilience and the island's role as a sanctuary earned Corsica the title of Island of the Just, highlighting its significance as a refuge during one of history's darkest periods.

Post-War Developments and the Synagogue's Legacy

In 1962, the synagogue saw a resurgence in its congregation with the arrival of Jewish families from Algeria, who were fleeing the turmoil of the Algerian War. Although many of these families eventually moved on, some chose to make Corsica their permanent home, ensuring the continuity of the Beth Meir Synagogue as a focal point for the Jewish community.

In 1972, the synagogue was officially acquired through a subscription by the Fonds Social Juif Unifié and has since been managed by the Association Cultuelle et Culturelle Israélite de Corse, affiliated with the Consistoire Central Israélite de France. The synagogue also maintains a dedicated section in the municipal cemetery. Despite the departure of Rabbi Albert Harrosch in 1985, the synagogue remains active, with regular services held on Saturday mornings and during major Jewish holidays, thanks to the support of the regional consistory of Nice and the Hazac organization.

A Living Testament to Integration and Resilience

Today, the Beth Meir Synagogue stands as a testament to the enduring spirit and integration of the Jewish community within Corsican society. Despite the challenges posed by rising antisemitism in France, the Jewish community in Corsica continues to thrive, living in harmony with their Corsican neighbors. The island's historical role as a haven for Jews during the war and its ongoing support for Jewish families in need underscore its reputation as a place of refuge and solidarity.

As you explore Bastia, a visit to the Beth Meir Synagogue offers a unique opportunity to delve into a lesser-known chapter of Jewish history, one marked by perseverance, community, and a deep connection to the island of Corsica. Whether you are a history enthusiast, a cultural explorer, or simply curious, the Beth Meir Synagogue is a must-visit destination that promises to enrich your understanding of this vibrant and resilient community.