Porta San Giacomo, a stunning gateway to the upper city of Bergamo, is a testament to the city’s rich history and architectural elegance. Built in 1592, this gate stands out as the only one crafted from the exquisite white and pink marble of the Zandobbio quarries in Val Cavallina. It is one of the four majestic gates that pierce the Venetian walls, which were constructed starting in 1561 to protect the western territories of the Venetian Republic from Spanish-controlled Milan. Today, these walls and gates are celebrated as part of the UNESCO World Heritage site, recognized for their historical significance and beauty.
Porta San Giacomo derives its name from the now-demolished Church of San Giacomo, which once stood nearby. This gate was intended to be the main entrance to the city, strategically positioned to connect Bergamo with the plains and Milan. Its orientation and grandeur reflect its importance as a conduit for trade and travel. Interestingly, the gate’s design is less militaristic than others, highlighting its role as a welcoming entrance rather than a defensive barrier.
The construction of the gate involved the demolition of several buildings, including those belonging to the Brembati family. In their place, three barracks were erected for soldiers, two facing the gate and one adjacent to it. The gate itself was adorned with a fresco of a winged lion, a symbol of the Republic of Venice, painted by Gian Paolo Cavagna. This emblem, along with the gate's elegant design, served to announce the power and prestige of Venice to visitors approaching the city.
The façade of Porta San Giacomo is a masterpiece of Tuscan style, designed by Buonaiuto Lorini. Its white and pink marble gleams in the sunlight, with columns dividing its arches and two pinnacles crowning its sides. The gate’s design was intended to impress those approaching from outside the city, a statement of Bergamo’s grandeur and openness.
The gate’s current position was not its original intended location. Initially, it was to be situated higher, near the shoe market, requiring a viaduct of 16 pillars. However, Lorini decided on its present location, which allowed for a more practical and visually striking placement. The old, smaller gate of San Giacomo, documented as early as 1565, was replaced by this more magnificent structure, which better suited the city’s needs and aspirations.
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In 1780, a stone bridge was constructed by Podestà Contarini to enhance access to the gate. Later, in the late 19th century, the gate underwent renovations to expand the entrance space leading to the Palazzo Medolago Albani. In 1939, further modifications were made to improve traffic flow, including the removal of some side rooms and the opening of two arches.
Despite these changes, Porta San Giacomo has retained its historical charm and continues to be a symbol of Bergamo’s rich heritage. The gate stands as a reminder of the city’s past, when it was a bustling hub of trade and culture, attracting merchants and travelers from across the region.
Today, visitors to Bergamo can walk through Porta San Giacomo and imagine the countless individuals who have passed through its arches over the centuries. The gate offers a glimpse into the city’s storied past and provides a stunning view of the surrounding landscape. As you stand beneath its arches, you can almost hear the echoes of history, from the bustling markets of the past to the strategic military maneuvers that once took place here.
Porta San Giacomo is more than just a gateway; it is a journey through time, inviting visitors to explore the rich tapestry of Bergamo’s history. Whether you are a history enthusiast or simply a traveler seeking beauty and inspiration, this magnificent gate is a must-see landmark that embodies the spirit and resilience of Bergamo.
In conclusion, Porta San Giacomo is a jewel in Bergamo’s architectural crown, a symbol of the city’s enduring legacy and its place in history. Its elegant design and historical significance make it an unmissable attraction for anyone visiting this enchanting Italian city. As you explore its arches and admire its marble façade, you will discover a piece of Bergamo’s soul, a gateway to the past that continues to inspire and captivate all who pass through.
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