Bornem Abbey

Bornem Abbey, locally known as Sint-Bernardusabdij, is a historical gem nestled in the picturesque town of Bornem, Belgium. Founded in 1603 by Pedro Coloma, the Baron of Bornem, this abbey has a rich and diverse history that spans over four centuries. Originally established to house the relics of the Holy Cross, Bornem Abbey has evolved through various phases, from a refuge for English Dominicans to a flourishing Cistercian monastery. Today, it stands as a testament to the resilience and spiritual dedication of its inhabitants, offering visitors a unique glimpse into its storied past.

The History of Bornem Abbey

The origins of Bornem Abbey can be traced back to the early 17th century when Pedro Coloma founded the Klooster van het Heilig Kruis (Monastery of the Holy Cross) in 1603. Coloma's primary intention was to safeguard the Holy Cross relics he had acquired in 1588. However, his efforts to establish a permanent monastic community were initially unsuccessful. It wasn't until 1658 that the abbey found new life when English Dominican friars, fleeing religious persecution in their homeland, took over the premises. By 1659, they had established a school for lay students, known as the college, which educated both English and Flemish pupils.

In 1769, the original buildings were demolished, and construction of a new, neoclassical abbey began under the direction of Brussels architect Jan Vangelder. Completed in 1773 and fully finished by 1782, these new structures, including the preserved old church, form the basis of the current abbey. Remarkably, the first floor of the three cloister wings has retained much of its late 18th-century character, a rarity given the widespread plundering and destruction of monasteries by the French during that period. Bornem Abbey escaped this fate due to its status as an English enclave and an educational institution rather than a traditional monastery.

The Cistercian Revival

In 1794, the English Dominicans were forced to flee to London, taking the Holy Cross relics, archives, and library with them. The abbey buildings remained in their possession until 1825 when they were sold to Philip Storms, a broker from Deurne. In 1836, the Cistercians from Hemiksem acquired the property and began rebuilding their community under the leadership of Superior Vincentius De Clercq. Bornem and Val-Dieu were the only two Cistercian monasteries in Belgium to revive after the French Revolution.

During the tenure of Abbot Robertus van Ommeren (1835-1895), significant developments took place. The old church was replaced by a new neoclassical structure designed by Antwerp architect J.E. Franssen, consecrated in 1842 by Cardinal Sterckx. Abbot Van Ommeren also initiated the construction of a lay brothers' wing in 1863 and a library in 1872, designed by provincial architect Joseph Schadde. In 1903, an additional corner building for the archives was erected. On January 20, 1998, Bornem Abbey was designated a protected monument.

The Library

One of Bornem Abbey's most prized features is its extensive library, established in 1872. Thanks to dedicated librarians like Fathers Edmundus de Fierlant and Benedictus Van Doninck, the abbey's collection has grown into a remarkable repository of knowledge. The library boasts around 30,000 books, including approximately 3,000 volumes from the old Hemiksem Abbey. Among its treasures are 15th-century books and medieval manuscripts adorned with miniatures from the 13th and 14th centuries. The library's collection on the Cistercian Order is particularly notable, making it a significant resource for researchers and scholars.

Visiting Bornem Abbey

Today, Bornem Abbey is a vibrant community and a popular destination for visitors seeking to explore its rich history and serene surroundings. The abbey's architecture, with its blend of neoclassical and traditional elements, provides a captivating backdrop for a leisurely stroll through its grounds. The tranquil atmosphere, combined with the abbey's historical significance, offers a unique experience for those interested in religious history and architectural heritage.

As you wander through the abbey, you'll encounter various historical artifacts and relics that tell the story of its evolution over the centuries. The abbey's church, with its neoclassical design, stands as a testament to the spiritual devotion of its builders and inhabitants. The library, with its vast collection of rare books and manuscripts, invites visitors to delve into the intellectual and cultural heritage of the Cistercian Order.

In conclusion, Bornem Abbey is not just a historical monument; it is a living testament to the enduring spirit of faith and resilience. Its walls echo with the stories of monks, scholars, and pilgrims who have sought solace and enlightenment within its confines. Whether you are a history enthusiast, a spiritual seeker, or simply a curious traveler, Bornem Abbey offers a captivating journey through time, inviting you to explore the rich tapestry of its past and present.