Atlantis House, known locally as Haus Atlantis, stands proudly in Bremen's historic Böttcherstraße, a testament to the innovative spirit of early 20th-century architecture. Designed by the visionary Bernhard Hoetger, this building is a striking example of the architectural experimentation that characterized the interwar period in Germany. Its unique design and historical significance make it a must-see for any visitor to Bremen.
The creation of Atlantis House was heavily influenced by the völkisch and mythological ideas of its time. Ludwig Roselius, a prominent figure in Bremen and a supporter of the controversial Atlantis theories proposed by Herman Wirth, commissioned the building. Roselius envisioned a structure that would embody these mythical concepts, and Hoetger brought this vision to life with a design that was both modern and steeped in symbolism.
Unlike the other brick buildings in Böttcherstraße, Atlantis House is constructed from steel and glass, showcasing a modernist approach. The building's framework consists of steel beams that arch into a barrel shape, forming the iconic Himmelssaal, or Sky Hall. This innovative use of materials and form marks the building as a key example of interwar architecture.
The facade of Atlantis House is particularly intriguing. It features a dramatic entrance adorned with a mix of wood, brick, and glass blocks, creating a backdrop for the so-called Tree of Life. This large wooden sculpture controversially combines elements of Germanic mythology with Christian symbolism, a fusion that sparked much debate at the time of its unveiling.
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Inside, visitors are greeted by a stunning Art Deco staircase, a masterpiece of design in its own right. The spiral staircase, with its 89 steps, is punctuated by circular glass discs and encased in a concrete balustrade. Light filters through blue and white glass blocks, creating an ethereal atmosphere that guides visitors upwards to the Himmelssaal.
The Himmelssaal itself is a breathtaking space, a parabolic dome crafted from blue and white glass blocks. This room was intended to be a mystical place, with its design echoing the celestial themes of the building's exterior. The walls and ceiling are adorned with symbols from the building's facade, reinforcing the mythological narrative.
Originally, the Himmelssaal served as a venue for expressionist dance before becoming home to the Museum of Ancestral Heritage. This museum, curated by Roselius, aimed to link Nordic and American cultures to the lost civilization of Atlantis, reflecting the ideologies of the time.
During the Nazi regime, the building faced criticism for its architectural style. However, it was preserved as an example of degenerate art, ironically protecting it from destruction. The building suffered damage during World War II, leading to significant renovations in the post-war years.
After the war, the building was repurposed multiple times, including as a theater and cinema. In the 1960s, the facade was redesigned by Ewald Mataré, who replaced the damaged elements with a more abstract, yet still symbolic, brickwork design. This renovation aimed to balance the building's historical significance with a modern aesthetic.
Today, Atlantis House is part of the Radisson Blu Hotel in Bremen, with the Himmelssaal serving as a venue for events ranging from weddings to conferences. This modern use ensures that the building remains a vibrant part of Bremen's cultural landscape.
Visitors to Atlantis House can explore its rich history and architectural beauty, experiencing firsthand the blend of myth, modernism, and historical narrative that it represents. Whether you're an architecture enthusiast or simply curious about Bremen's cultural heritage, a visit to Atlantis House offers a unique glimpse into the past and present of this fascinating city.
In conclusion, Atlantis House is not just an architectural marvel; it's a symbol of the cultural and ideological shifts of its time. Its preservation and continued use reflect Bremen's commitment to honoring its history while embracing modernity, making it an essential stop on any tour of the city.
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