In the heart of Cedar Rapids, Iowa, stands a testament to architectural brilliance and historical charm: the Peoples Savings Bank. Designed by the legendary Louis Sullivan, this building is more than just a bank; it's a piece of art, a jewel box of architectural wonder that continues to draw visitors and architecture enthusiasts from around the globe.
The story of the Peoples Savings Bank begins in the early 20th century, during a period when Sullivan was creating a series of small banks across the Midwest. Completed in 1912, this building was the second of Sullivan's renowned jewel box banks, a series that would cement his legacy as a pioneer of modern architecture. Initially, the design was considered too extravagant for the bank's budget, but after negotiations led by bank Vice-President Fred Shaver, a more cost-effective plan was agreed upon.
The bank's construction was a significant event for Cedar Rapids, as it brought a touch of modernity and elegance to the city. The building was designed from the inside out, focusing on the functionality of the large banking room and expanding outward. This approach was revolutionary at the time and highlighted Sullivan's philosophy of form following function.
As you approach the Peoples Savings Bank, you are immediately struck by its unique exterior. The building's façade is an intricate tapestry of 15 different shades of bricks, creating an effect reminiscent of an antique Oriental rug. This choice of material and color showcases Sullivan's attention to detail and his desire to craft a structure that was as visually stunning as it was functional.
Step inside, and you'll find yourself bathed in the soft light filtering through clerestory walls of glass. The interior is adorned with murals by Allen Philbrick, depicting the serene and pastoral life of rural Iowa. These artistic touches add a layer of cultural richness to the building, making it not just a place of commerce, but a celebration of local heritage.
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The Peoples Savings Bank was the last project Sullivan worked on with his assistant, George Elmslie, before Elmslie departed to join another architectural firm. Their collaboration resulted in a building that was both innovative and timeless, a true reflection of Sullivan's architectural genius.
Over the years, the bank has changed hands, eventually becoming part of the Wells Fargo network. Despite the changes in ownership and the challenges posed by the Great Iowa Flood of 2008, the building has retained its historical significance and architectural integrity. Although the main bank is currently closed, the adjacent motor bank remains operational, continuing to serve the community.
The Peoples Savings Bank is part of a larger collection of Sullivan's jewel box banks, which includes other notable structures like the National Farmer's Bank in Owatonna, Minnesota, and the Merchants' National Bank in Grinnell, Iowa. Each of these buildings shares a common theme of blending beauty with practicality, a hallmark of Sullivan's design philosophy.
Visitors to Cedar Rapids often make a point to see this architectural gem, drawn by its historical importance and its place within the broader context of American architecture. The bank's inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978 further solidifies its status as a must-see landmark.
Efforts to preserve the Peoples Savings Bank are ongoing, ensuring that future generations can appreciate its beauty and historical value. The building's role as a contributing property in the West Side Third Avenue SW Commercial Historic District highlights the community's commitment to preserving its architectural heritage.
For those interested in architecture, history, or simply the beauty of well-crafted design, the Peoples Savings Bank in Cedar Rapids offers a unique glimpse into the past. Its walls tell a story of innovation and artistry that continues to inspire and captivate all who visit.
In conclusion, the Peoples Savings Bank is not just a building; it's a symbol of Cedar Rapids' rich history and an enduring example of Louis Sullivan's architectural brilliance. Whether you're an architecture aficionado or a curious traveler, this jewel box bank is a treasure worth exploring.
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