Co-Cathedral Basilica of St. Mauritius and Companions

In the charming coastal town of Imperia, Italy, stands a monumental testament to neoclassical architecture and religious devotion: the Co-Cathedral Basilica of St. Mauritius and Companions, known locally as the Basilica di San Maurizio. This splendid basilica, the largest church in the entire Liguria region, is not just a place of worship but a grandiose symbol of the town’s rich history and cultural heritage.

The Architectural Grandeur

The Co-Cathedral Basilica of St. Mauritius and Companions was designed by the architect Gaetano Cantoni and constructed between 1781 and 1838. Its neoclassical style, characterized by grandeur and elegance, was intended to elevate Porto Maurizio (now part of Imperia) to the same level as neighboring towns like Oneglia and Sanremo, which had already modernized their principal churches.

The basilica’s exterior dimensions are impressive: approximately 70 meters in length and 42 meters in width, with a total area of about 3000 square meters. The twin bell towers rise to about 36 meters, while the main dome reaches a height of 48 meters. The façade features an atrium supported by eight grand columns and is flanked by the twin bell towers, though only the left tower houses the bells. The three orders of columns—Doric at the base, Ionic in the middle, and Corinthian at the top—add to the architectural splendor.

A Historical Undertaking

The initial impetus for building the Co-Cathedral Basilica of St. Mauritius and Companions was to replace the older, smaller, and increasingly dilapidated church that stood atop the fortified Parasio hill. Legend has it that the site for the new basilica was chosen by St. Leonard himself during a famous sermon in 1743. Construction began on the site of the former Piazza d'Armi, an open space created by the demolition of the 17th-century Bastione della Nunziata.

The project was ambitious, aiming not only to create a new church but also to revamp the surrounding urban area. Although many grand plans, including those proposed by the architect Ferdinando Bonsignore, were never fully realized, the basilica itself became a showcase for the finest artists and craftsmen of the time. The collapse of the dome during construction in 1821 necessitated structural changes, including the filling in of spaces between the columns, which were originally intended to stand apart.

Inside the Basilica

Stepping inside the Co-Cathedral Basilica of St. Mauritius and Companions, visitors are greeted by an airy, light-filled space. The basilica’s unique floor plan features a double-cross layout with three naves and two transepts. The crossing nearest the entrance is covered by an octagonal sail vault, while the one closer to the presbytery boasts a large coffered dome topped by a circular lantern. Six smaller domes cover the side naves, which house ten minor altars. The central nave and transepts are covered by barrel vaults, and the entire interior is adorned with stucco imitating white marble and nearly a hundred Corinthian columns, reminiscent of ancient Roman basilicas.

The marble floor, with its intricate geometric designs, is particularly striking, especially in the area beneath the main dome. The basilica’s interior is a harmonious blend of neoclassical purity and romantic historical influences, reflecting the artistic trends of the early 19th century.

Artistic Treasures

The Co-Cathedral Basilica of St. Mauritius and Companions is home to a wealth of artistic treasures. The main altar is dominated by a majestic white marble statue of St. Mauritius, created by Carlo Finelli in 1842. This statue, inspired by the works of Antonio Canova, is a masterpiece of neoclassical sculpture.

Other notable artworks include a 1618 statue of the Madonna della Misericordia and a crucifix, both by Anton Maria Maragliano, and statues of the four Evangelists by Salvatore Revelli. The basilica also houses paintings by Francesco Coghetti, including the Ascension and the Glory of St. Augustine, as well as works by Domenico Piola, Francesco Podesti, and other renowned artists.

The pulpit, dating back to 1640, is a baroque marvel richly decorated with polychrome marble. It was transferred from the old church to the new basilica and is notable for having been used by St. Leonard during his sermons.

Visiting the Co-Cathedral Basilica

A visit to the Co-Cathedral Basilica of St. Mauritius and Companions is a journey through history, art, and architecture. Whether you are a devout pilgrim, an art enthusiast, or simply a curious traveler, the basilica offers a profound and enriching experience. As you explore this magnificent structure, you will be transported back to a time of grand artistic visions and deep spiritual devotion, making your visit to Imperia truly unforgettable.