Inverness Castle

Inverness Castle, majestically perched on a cliff overlooking the serene River Ness, is a beacon of historical significance and architectural splendor in the heart of Inverness, Scotland. This iconic structure, with its red sandstone façade, has witnessed a rich tapestry of events that have shaped Scottish history, making it a must-visit destination for any traveler exploring the Highlands.

The Historical Tapestry of Inverness Castle

The story of Inverness Castle begins in 1057, with a succession of fortresses occupying this strategic location over the centuries. The first castle is said to have been constructed by Malcolm III of Scotland, and since then, it has been a focal point of power and conflict. The castle’s early history is marked by its role in the struggles between Scottish clans and the Crown, with the first chief of Clan Mackintosh, Shaw Macduff, being appointed as its constable by Malcolm IV in 1163.

Throughout the medieval period, Inverness Castle was a site of significant military and political activity. In 1307, King Robert I of Scotland partially destroyed the castle’s battlements. In 1428, James I summoned fifty clan chiefs to Inverness Castle, where many were arrested and some executed, highlighting the castle’s role in the Crown’s efforts to control the Highland clans. The castle also faced numerous sieges, including one led by Lord Alexander, 3rd Lord of the Isles, who, despite burning the town of Inverness in 1429, failed to capture the castle.

Mary, Queen of Scots and Inverness Castle

One of the most dramatic episodes in the castle’s history occurred in 1562 when Mary, Queen of Scots, faced resistance from the castle’s governor upon her arrival. The castle was subsequently taken by the loyal Clan Munro and Clan Fraser, who supported the Queen. This event underscores the castle’s importance in the turbulent political landscape of 16th-century Scotland. Mary’s visit to Inverness is also notable for her purchase of gunpowder and tartan plaids, reflecting her preparedness for the challenges she faced.

The Evolution of Inverness Castle

The current structure of Inverness Castle, a Category A listed building, dates back to 1836, replacing the earlier medieval fortifications. Designed by architects William Burn and Thomas Brown II, the castle exhibits an early castellated style, constructed from red sandstone. The main building, completed in 1836, served as the Sheriff Court, while the north block, finished in 1848, was initially used as a prison before becoming an additional courthouse.

The design of the main building features a symmetrical frontage with seven bays facing south. The central section, with its round-headed doorway and windows, is flanked by castellated towers—one round and the other square—adding to the castle’s imposing presence. The enclosing walls, designed by Joseph Mitchell, further enhance the castle’s fortified appearance.

Modern Day Inverness Castle

Inverness Castle continued to serve judicial functions well into the 20th century, with Inverness-shire County Council meeting in the courthouse until 1963. More recently, the castle housed the Inverness Sheriff Court until its relocation to the Inverness Justice Centre in 2020. Currently, the castle and its grounds are undergoing extensive renovation and remodeling, with plans to reopen to the public in 2025, promising new opportunities for visitors to explore its storied past.

Inverness Castle on the £50 Note

The cultural significance of Inverness Castle is further highlighted by its depiction on the reverse side of a £50 note issued by the Royal Bank of Scotland in 2005. This recognition underscores the castle’s iconic status and its importance in the national heritage of Scotland.

Visiting Inverness Castle

While the castle is currently closed for renovations, its picturesque location and historical significance make it a worthy stop on any tour of Inverness. The castle’s elevated position offers stunning views of the River Ness and the surrounding countryside, providing a perfect backdrop for photographs and a moment of reflection on the rich history that this site embodies.

Inverness Castle’s reopening in 2025 is eagerly anticipated, promising new exhibits and experiences that will bring its history to life for visitors. Whether you are a history enthusiast, an architecture aficionado, or simply a curious traveler, Inverness Castle offers a captivating glimpse into the past, set against the breathtaking beauty of the Scottish Highlands.

As you stroll along the riverbanks or explore the city of Inverness, take a moment to imagine the centuries of history that have unfolded at this remarkable site. Inverness Castle is not just a building; it is a testament to the resilience and enduring spirit of Scotland’s people, standing proudly as a guardian of the stories and legends that have shaped this land.