Piazza Libertà

Located in the heart of Udine, Piazza Libertà is often hailed as the most beautiful Venetian-style square on the mainland. This historic piazza, nestled beneath the hill of the Udine Castle, is a treasure trove of architectural and cultural marvels, offering visitors a glimpse into the city's rich past and vibrant present.

The History of Piazza Libertà

Piazza Libertà has a storied history that dates back to medieval times. Originally known as Piazza del Vino due to the wine trade that flourished here, it has undergone several name changes over the centuries. In 1350, the municipal council house was established in the square, leading to its renaming as Piazza del Comune. The arrival of the Venetians in the 16th century saw it rechristened as Piazza Contarena, in honor of one of the Venetian lieutenants. Following the unification of Friuli with Italy in 1866, the square was named after Vittorio Emanuele II, and an equestrian monument was erected in his honor. This monument remained until 1947 when it was relocated to the Giardini Ricasoli. After World War II, the square received its current name, Piazza Libertà, symbolizing freedom and peace.

Monuments and Statues

The elevated terrace of Piazza Libertà is adorned with several remarkable monuments. One of the most striking is the Renaissance-era Carrara fountain, a beautiful example of the period's artistry. The square also features a column from 1539 topped with the Venetian Lion of St. Mark, a symbol of the Serenissima Republic of Venice. Visitors can admire the column with the statue of Justice, constructed in 1614, and the 17th-century statues of Hercules and Cacus, affectionately known to locals as Florean and Venturin. These statues were relocated here after the demolition of Palazzo Della Torre in Piazza XX Settembre. Another notable monument is the Monument to Peace, which was installed in 1819 to commemorate the Treaty of Campoformio. This monument had been abandoned for many years due to the political upheavals of the time but now stands proudly in the square.

The Architectural Marvels

Piazza Libertà is surrounded by stunning buildings that showcase a variety of architectural styles. The Loggia del Lionello, a public loggia in Venetian Gothic style, is one of the most iconic structures. Built between 1448 and 1457 by Bartolomeo delle Cisterne and designed by the goldsmith Nicolò Lionello, the loggia has undergone several modifications over the centuries. After a devastating fire in 1876, it was meticulously restored by Andrea Scala, who remained faithful to the original designs.

Directly opposite the Loggia del Lionello is the Loggia and Tempietto di San Giovanni, constructed in 1533 by the Lombard architect Bernardino da Morcote. The building's design, which faced numerous urban and practical challenges, exudes a faint Brunelleschian flavor. Initially dedicated to St. John, the church now serves as a memorial to the fallen soldiers.

The Torre dell'Orologio, or Clock Tower, built by Giovanni da Udine in 1527, is another highlight. Atop the tower, two bronze figures known as the Moors strike the hours, a feature added in 1850. The tower's clock and its figures are a beloved symbol of the city.

Visitors can also pass through the Arco Bollani, designed by the renowned architect Andrea Palladio in 1556. This archway, topped with the Lion of St. Mark, leads to the path that ascends to the Udine Castle, offering a scenic route to another of the city's historic landmarks.

A Stroll Through History

A visit to Piazza Libertà is like stepping back in time. As you wander through the square, you can almost hear the echoes of centuries past, from medieval merchants trading wine to Venetian officials overseeing the city's affairs. The blend of Gothic, Renaissance, and Venetian architectural styles creates a unique atmosphere that is both grand and intimate.

The square is not just a historical site but also a vibrant part of modern Udine. It hosts various cultural events, markets, and public gatherings, making it a lively hub of activity. Whether you're a history enthusiast, an architecture lover, or simply looking to soak in the local culture, Piazza Libertà offers something for everyone.

In conclusion, Piazza Libertà is a jewel in Udine's crown, a place where history, art, and culture converge. Its monuments and buildings tell the story of a city that has evolved over the centuries while retaining its unique charm and character. A visit to this enchanting square is a must for anyone exploring the beautiful region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia.