St. Johannis

St. Johannis, locally known as St.-Johannis-Kirche, is an exquisite gem nestled in the enchanting town of Wernigerode, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany. This evocative church, with its rich history and architectural splendor, stands as a testament to the town's vibrant past. Whether you're a history enthusiast, an architecture aficionado, or simply a curious traveler, St. Johannis offers a captivating journey through time.

The Historical Tapestry of St. Johannis

St. Johannis is the oldest surviving church in Wernigerode, with its Romanesque roots tracing back to its completion in 1279. The church's initial construction saw the formation of the West Tower and the southern transept, which have remarkably withstood the test of time. The church was consecrated by Bishop Volrad of Halberstadt, marking its significance in the ecclesiastical landscape of the period.

In the 15th century, the Romanesque nave was transformed into a three-aisled hall church, a project completed in 1497. This transformation brought a new dimension to the church's architectural character, blending the original Romanesque elements with the grandeur of Gothic design. The 19th century saw extensive restorations, including the renewal of the south portal porch in 1864/65 and the removal of Baroque-era galleries and seating. The windows were enlarged, and additional dormer windows were added, enhancing the church's illumination and aesthetic appeal.

Architectural Marvels and Artistic Treasures

As you step inside St. Johannis, you are greeted by a wealth of artistic and architectural treasures. The church's interior was reimagined by local wood sculptor Gustav Kuntzsch in the late 19th century. Kuntzsch's craftsmanship is evident in the intricate ceiling, the side aisle paneling, the seating, and the west gallery, which houses the new organ. This neo-Gothic restoration was completed in 1885, adding a touch of elegance and reverence to the sacred space.

One of the church's most striking features is its richly decorated five-part altarpiece, created in 1415. The altarpiece, a masterpiece of medieval artistry, shimmers with golden hues and intricate carvings. The central panel of the festive side (second transformation, fully opened) showcases Mary as the Queen of Heaven, holding the Christ Child, surrounded by four musical angels and additional angels with palm fronds. Flanking Mary are statuettes of Catherine and Barbara (above) and Peter and John the Baptist (below). The side wings depict scenes from the life of Jesus, including the Annunciation, Nativity, Adoration of the Magi, Childhood, Baptism, Entry into Jerusalem, Passion, and Last Supper.

The altarpiece's Sunday side (first transformation, half-opened) features four panel paintings illustrating scenes from the life of Mary: the birth of Jesus, His presentation in the temple, the Adoration of the Magi, and Mary's death in the presence of the apostles, followed by her assumption into heaven. The closed wings on the weekday side display the Annunciation and the Adoration of the Magi. The retable is crowned by gable-shaped attachments, adorned with reliefs of female saints depicted as half-figures with their attributes: Barbara with the tower, Mary Magdalene with the ointment jar, a royal church patroness, Catherine with the sword and wheel, Mary with the Christ Child, Apollonia with tongs and a tooth, Dorothea with the basket, Ursula with the arrow, and an unidentified saint with a possible moon or sun face. These saints are framed by two knights bearing shields, adding a chivalric touch to the sacred ensemble.

Significant Artefacts and Modern Additions

The pulpit, dating back to around 1600/15, stands as a testament to the church's enduring legacy. A statue of John the Baptist with a cross staff and book, dating to around 1500, graces the south wall of the choir. The octagonal baptismal font at the entrance to the choir, adorned with portraits of Martin Luther and Georg Aemilius, the superintendent of the County of Wernigerode, dates to 1569, adding a personal touch to the church's historical narrative.

In 2016, the choir area received ten newly designed windows based on designs by Günter Grohs, executed by the glass workshops F. Schneemelcher in Quedlinburg. These modern additions blend seamlessly with the church's historical fabric, creating a harmonious dialogue between past and present.

The Melodious Heritage of St. Johannis

St. Johannis is also home to a remarkable organ, first mentioned in 1568. The current instrument, crafted by Friedrich Ladegast, was installed during the neo-Gothic renovation in the late 19th century. The organ's case, designed by Carl Frühling and created by Gustav Kuntzsch, complements the church's architectural style. This organ is the only surviving example of the three Ladegast organs that once graced Wernigerode, making it a cherished part of the church's musical heritage.

In conclusion, St. Johannis is not just a church; it is a living museum of art, history, and spirituality. Its walls whisper stories of centuries past, inviting visitors to explore and reflect. Whether you are drawn by its architectural beauty, its historical significance, or its serene ambiance, St. Johannis in Wernigerode promises an unforgettable experience. So, take a moment to step inside, breathe in the history, and let the spirit of this ancient church inspire you.